{"id":1033,"date":"2025-01-18T12:08:40","date_gmt":"2025-01-18T04:08:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1033"},"modified":"2025-01-18T12:08:40","modified_gmt":"2025-01-18T04:08:40","slug":"laravel-%e8%ba%ab%e4%bb%bd%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e4%b8%8e%e6%8e%88%e6%9d%83%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e7%99%bb%e5%bd%95%e3%80%81%e7%99%bb%e5%87%ba%e4%b8%8e%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90%e7%ae%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/18\/laravel-%e8%ba%ab%e4%bb%bd%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e4%b8%8e%e6%8e%88%e6%9d%83%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e7%99%bb%e5%bd%95%e3%80%81%e7%99%bb%e5%87%ba%e4%b8%8e%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90%e7%ae%a1\/","title":{"rendered":"Laravel \u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743\u5b8c\u6574\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u767b\u51fa\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u5728 Laravel \u4e2d\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u662f Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u786e\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u6388\u6743\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd Laravel \u4e2d\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1. \u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728 Laravel \u4e2d\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 Auth<\/code> \u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 Laravel \u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Artisan \u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

php artisan make:auth<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728 Laravel 6 \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u751f\u6210\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u9875\u9762\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u548c\u8def\u7531\u3002\u4f46\u5728 Laravel 7 \u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7248\u672c\uff0cLaravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 Laravel UI \u548c Laravel Jetstream \u6765\u7b80\u5316\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f Laravel 7 \u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5 Laravel UI\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
composer require laravel\/ui\nphp artisan ui bootstrap --auth<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u5305\u62ec\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u91cd\u7f6e\u7b49\u9875\u9762\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.2 \u4f7f\u7528 Auth \u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u767b\u51fa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 Auth<\/code> \u95e8\u9762\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u767b\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u767b\u5f55<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Auth::attempt()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u51ed\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public function login(Request $request)\n{\n    $credentials = $request->only('email', 'password');\n\n    if (Auth::attempt($credentials)) {\n        \/\/ \u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f\n        return redirect()->intended('dashboard');\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\n    return back()->withErrors(['email' => 'Invalid credentials.']);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cAuth::attempt()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u4f1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u51ed\u636e\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51ed\u636e\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u88ab\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u7528\u6237\u539f\u672c\u610f\u56fe\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9875\u9762\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 intended()<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u767b\u51fa<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u767b\u51fa\u7528\u6237\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528 Auth::logout()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public function logout(Request $request)\n{\n    Auth::logout();\n    $request->session()->invalidate();\n    $request->session()->regenerateToken();\n\n    return redirect('\/');\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
logout()<\/code> \u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5e76\u6e05\u9664\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\u3002invalidate()<\/code> \u548c regenerateToken()<\/code> \u7528\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u4f1a\u8bdd\u56fa\u5b9a\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.3 \u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6 auth<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u67d0\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u53ea\u80fd\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Route::get('\/dashboard', function () {\n    \/\/ \u53ea\u6709\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b64\u9875\u9762\n    return view('dashboard');\n})->middleware('auth');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1.4 \u8ba4\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 Auth::user()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$user = Auth::user();\necho $user->name;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 auth()->user()<\/code> \u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$user = auth()->user();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. \u6388\u6743<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u6388\u6743\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u6216\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u6388\u6743\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6388\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.1 \u57fa\u4e8e\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u6388\u6743<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Laravel \u4f7f\u7528 Gate \u548c Policy \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u9650\u3002Gate \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u95ed\u5305\u6388\u6743\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6388\u6743\u573a\u666f\uff1b\u800c Policy \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6388\u6743\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.1.1 Gate \u6388\u6743<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
Gate \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u5728 App\\Providers\\AuthServiceProvider<\/code> \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 Gate \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u62e5\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728 AuthServiceProvider<\/code> \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49 Gate\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
use Illuminate\\Support\\Facades\\Gate;\n\npublic function boot()\n{\n    $this->registerPolicies();\n\n    Gate::define('view-dashboard', function ($user) {\n        return $user->is_admin;  \/\/ \u53ea\u6709\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\n    });\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u6216\u89c6\u56fe\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Gate::allows()<\/code> \u6216 Gate::denies()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
if (Gate::allows('view-dashboard')) {\n    \/\/ \u7528\u6237\u6709\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee\n    return view('dashboard');\n}\n\nabort(403, 'Unauthorized');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.1.2 Policy \u6388\u6743<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
Policy \u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u56f4\u7ed5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6388\u6743\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Artisan \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u751f\u6210 Policy \u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
php artisan make:policy PostPolicy<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728 PostPolicy<\/code> \u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6388\u6743\u903b\u8f91\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class PostPolicy\n{\n    public function update(User $user, Post $post)\n    {\n        return $user->id === $post->user_id;  \/\/ \u53ea\u6709\u4f5c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728 AuthServiceProvider<\/code> \u4e2d\u6ce8\u518c Policy\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
protected $policies = [\n    Post::class => PostPolicy::class,\n];<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7136\u540e\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public function update(Request $request, Post $post)\n{\n    $this->authorize('update', $post);\n\n    \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
authorize<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u629b\u51fa 403 Unauthorized<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u6388\u6743<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u9664\u4e86 Gate \u548c Policy\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 can<\/code> \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u6709\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Route::get('\/post\/{post}\/edit', function (Post $post) {\n    \/\/ \u53ea\u6709\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\n})->middleware('can:update,post');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cupdate<\/code> \u662f Policy \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6743\u9650\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cpost<\/code> \u662f\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. \u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743\u6d41\u7a0b\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743\u6d41\u7a0b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. \u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762\u5e76\u8f93\u5165\u51ed\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 Auth::attempt()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u51ed\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u5982\u679c\u51ed\u636e\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u767b\u5f55\u5e76\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u4e3b\u9875\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. \u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u9700\u8981\u6388\u6743\u7684\u9875\u9762\u65f6\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u6216\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 Gate<\/code> \u6216 Policy<\/code> \u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa 403 Unauthorized<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u5728 Laravel \u4e2d\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u662f Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u786e\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1033","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-laravel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1033","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1033"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1033\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1034,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1033\/revisions\/1034"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1033"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1033"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1033"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}