{"id":1039,"date":"2025-01-18T12:20:12","date_gmt":"2025-01-18T04:20:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1039"},"modified":"2025-01-18T12:20:12","modified_gmt":"2025-01-18T04:20:12","slug":"laravel-%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%9a%e4%b8%8e%e9%98%9f%e5%88%97%ef%bc%9a%e5%90%8e%e5%8f%b0%e4%bb%bb%e5%8a%a1%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e4%b8%8e%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/18\/laravel-%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%9a%e4%b8%8e%e9%98%9f%e5%88%97%ef%bc%9a%e5%90%8e%e5%8f%b0%e4%bb%bb%e5%8a%a1%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e4%b8%8e%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96\/","title":{"rendered":"Laravel \u4f5c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\uff1a\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

Laravel \u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff08Jobs\uff09\u548c\u961f\u5217\uff08Queues\uff09\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5904\u7406\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5728 web \u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u53d1\u9001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u544a\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\uff0cLaravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u961f\u5217\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u5904\u7406\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Laravel \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4f5c\u4e1a\u548c\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u961f\u5217\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u4f5c\u4e1a\uff08Jobs\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u751f\u6210 PDF \u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u961f\u5217\uff08Queues\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001Redis\u3001Amazon SQS \u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    2. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Laravel \u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 config\/queue.php<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2.1 \u914d\u7f6e\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u6253\u5f00 config\/queue.php<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 Redis \u4f5c\u4e3a\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd .env<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      QUEUE_CONNECTION=redis<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5728 config\/queue.php<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      'connections' => [\n    'redis' => [\n        'driver' => 'redis',\n        'connection' => 'default',\n        'queue' => env('REDIS_QUEUE', 'default'),\n        'retry_after' => 90,\n    ],\n],<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      2.2 \u914d\u7f6e\u5176\u4ed6\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      Laravel \u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001Beanstalkd\u3001Amazon SQS \u7b49\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      3. \u521b\u5efa\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff08Job\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a Artisan \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u751f\u6210\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7c7b\u3002\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7c7b\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5c01\u88c5\u9700\u8981\u540e\u53f0\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      3.1 \u521b\u5efa\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      php artisan make:job SendWelcomeEmail<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u751f\u6210\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7c7b\u4f4d\u4e8e app\/Jobs<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cSendWelcomeEmail<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e1a\u7c7b\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \/\/ app\/Jobs\/SendWelcomeEmail.php\n\nnamespace App\\Jobs;\n\nuse App\\Models\\User;\nuse App\\Mail\\WelcomeEmail;\nuse Illuminate\\Support\\Facades\\Mail;\nuse Illuminate\\Contracts\\Queue\\ShouldQueue;\n\nclass SendWelcomeEmail implements ShouldQueue\n{\n    protected $user;\n\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u63a5\u6536 User \u5bf9\u8c61\n    public function __construct(User $user)\n    {\n        $this->user = $user;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\n    public function handle()\n    {\n        \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u6b22\u8fce\u90ae\u4ef6\n        Mail::to($this->user->email)->send(new WelcomeEmail($this->user));\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cSendWelcomeEmail<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e1a\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u5c01\u6b22\u8fce\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002handle<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      3.2 \u4f7f\u4f5c\u4e1a\u961f\u5217\u5316<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e1a\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0 ShouldQueue<\/code> \u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      4. \u6d3e\u53d1\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u8981\u6d3e\u53d1\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 dispatch()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e2d\u6d3e\u53d1\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      use App\\Jobs\\SendWelcomeEmail;\n\npublic function register(Request $request)\n{\n    $user = User::create($request->all());\n\n    \/\/ \u6d3e\u53d1\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5230\u961f\u5217\n    SendWelcomeEmail::dispatch($user);\n\n    return response()->json(['message' => 'User registered and email queued.']);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u65f6\uff0cSendWelcomeEmail<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e1a\u5c06\u88ab\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      5. \u961f\u5217\u76d1\u542c\u4e0e\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 queue:work<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u76d1\u542c\u961f\u5217\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u961f\u5217\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      php artisan queue:work<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u961f\u5217\u76d1\u542c\u5668\uff0c\u540e\u53f0\u5904\u7406\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      5.1 \u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217\u76d1\u542c\u5668<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u961f\u5217\u59cb\u7ec8\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 queue:work<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u914d\u5408 supervisor<\/code> \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u4fdd\u6301\u961f\u5217\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u5e38\u9a7b\u540e\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Supervisor \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u961f\u5217\u76d1\u542c\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. \u5b89\u88c5 Supervisor\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
           sudo apt-get install supervisor<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. \u914d\u7f6e Supervisor \u6765\u76d1\u542c\u961f\u5217\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
             sudo nano \/etc\/supervisor\/conf.d\/laravel-queue-worker.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
             [program:laravel-queue-worker]\n   process_name=%(program_name)s\n   command=php \/path\/to\/your\/project\/artisan queue:work\n   autostart=true\n   autorestart=true\n   user=www-data\n   redirect_stderr=true\n   stdout_logfile=\/path\/to\/your\/project\/storage\/logs\/laravel-queue-worker.log<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          1. \u66f4\u65b0 Supervisor \u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u961f\u5217\u76d1\u542c\u5668\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
               sudo supervisorctl reread\n   sudo supervisorctl update\n   sudo supervisorctl start laravel-queue-worker<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            6. \u5ef6\u8fdf\u6267\u884c\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            Laravel \u652f\u6301\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d3e\u53d1\u4f5c\u4e1a\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \/\/ \u5ef6\u8fdf 10 \u5206\u949f\u6267\u884c\u4f5c\u4e1a\nSendWelcomeEmail::dispatch($user)->delay(now()->addMinutes(10));<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            7. \u4f5c\u4e1a\u5931\u8d25\u4e0e\u91cd\u8bd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \u4f5c\u4e1a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0cLaravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5931\u8d25\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5728\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \/\/ app\/Jobs\/SendWelcomeEmail.php\n\npublic function failed(\\Exception $exception)\n{\n    \/\/ \u5f53\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53d1\u9001\u5931\u8d25\u901a\u77e5\n    \\Log::error('Sending welcome email failed for user: ' . $this->user->email);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            Laravel \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u961f\u5217\u914d\u7f6e\u91cd\u8bd5\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e retry_after<\/code> \u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u6b21\u4f5c\u4e1a\u91cd\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            8. \u961f\u5217\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            Laravel \u652f\u6301\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u961f\u5217\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f5c\u4e1a\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d3e\u53d1\u4f5c\u4e1a\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u961f\u5217\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            SendWelcomeEmail::dispatch($user)->onQueue('high');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u5728 config\/queue.php<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            9. API \u89e6\u53d1\u961f\u5217<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            Laravel \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 API \u6765\u89e6\u53d1\u961f\u5217\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u63a5\u6536 API \u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e1a\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 RESTful API \u63a5\u6536\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u4f5c\u4e1a\u63a8\u9001\u5230\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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