{"id":1043,"date":"2025-01-18T12:21:53","date_gmt":"2025-01-18T04:21:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1043"},"modified":"2025-01-18T12:21:53","modified_gmt":"2025-01-18T04:21:53","slug":"laravel-%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/18\/laravel-%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"Laravel \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

Laravel \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 PHP \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd Laravel \u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001Laravel \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 Laravel \u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f18\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f13\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u67e5\u8be2\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u67e5\u8be2\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    $users = Cache::remember('users', 60, function () {\n    return DB::table('users')->get();\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u89c6\u56fe\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u89c6\u56fe\u6e32\u67d3\u7ed3\u679c\u7f13\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      php artisan view:cache<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u914d\u7f6e\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u914d\u7f6e\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        php artisan config:cache<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u8def\u7531\u7f13\u5b58<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f13\u5b58\u6240\u6709\u8def\u7531\u7684\u6ce8\u518c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          php artisan route:cache<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          1.2 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u5f71\u54cd Laravel \u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • \u4f7f\u7528 Eloquent \u5173\u7cfb\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1aEloquent ORM \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d N+1 \u67e5\u8be2\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 with<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u524d\u52a0\u8f7d\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            $posts = Post::with('comments')->get();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • \u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u9875\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              $posts = Post::paginate(15);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u7ecf\u5e38\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                1.3 \u961f\u5217\u4e0e\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5165\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • \u4f7f\u7528\u961f\u5217<\/strong>\uff1aLaravel \u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u961f\u5217\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8017\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u5f02\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  dispatch(new SendEmailJob());<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • \u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 Laravel \u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9a\u671f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u6e05\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\uff09\u5b9a\u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    php artisan schedule:run<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                    1.4 \u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u5408\u5e76\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                    \u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u5408\u5e76\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    • \u5408\u5e76 JavaScript \u548c CSS<\/strong>\uff1aLaravel Mix \u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5408\u5e76\u548c\u538b\u7f29\u8d44\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                      npm run prod<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      1.5 \u4f7f\u7528 OPcache \u4e0e PHP 7+<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                      \u5f00\u542f OPcache \u662f\u63d0\u5347 PHP \u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u7f13\u5b58 PHP \u811a\u672c\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                      • \u5f00\u542f OPcache<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728 PHP \u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u542f\u7528 OPcache\uff0c\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                        opcache.enable=1\nopcache.memory_consumption=128<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \n\n\n\n
                        \u4e8c\u3001Laravel \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                        \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u5f00\u53d1 Web \u5e94\u7528\u65f6\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u5e94\u7528\u514d\u53d7\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        2.1 XSS\uff08\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\uff09\u9632\u62a4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                        Laravel \u9ed8\u8ba4\u901a\u8fc7 {{ }}<\/code> \u8bed\u6cd5\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c HTML \u8f6c\u4e49\uff0c\u9632\u6b62 JavaScript \u6ce8\u5165\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        <p>{{ $user->name }}<\/p><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u7684 HTML \u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u4e49\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86 XSS \u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        2.2 CSRF\uff08\u8de8\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\uff09\u9632\u62a4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                        Laravel \u5185\u7f6e CSRF \u9632\u62a4\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a _token<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\u5305\u542b @csrf<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        <form method=\"POST\" action=\"\/profile\">\n    @csrf\n    <!-- Form Fields -->\n<\/form><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u5bf9\u4e8e API \u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 api<\/code> \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u548c token \u9a8c\u8bc1\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 CSRF \u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        2.3 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u9632\u62a4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                        Laravel \u7684 Eloquent ORM \u548c Query Builder \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed1\u5b9a\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u90fd\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        $users = DB::table('users')->where('email', '=', $email)->get();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u81ea\u52a8\u4f7f\u7528\u51c6\u5907\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        2.4 \u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                        Laravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                          \n
                        • \u8ba4\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff1aLaravel \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 Auth<\/code> \u95e8\u9762\u6765\u5904\u7406\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u6ce8\u518c\u7b49\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                          if (Auth::check()) {\n    \/\/ \u7528\u6237\u5df2\u767b\u5f55\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \n
                          • \u6388\u6743\u4e0e\u6743\u9650<\/strong>\uff1aLaravel \u7684 Gate \u548c Policy \u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                            if (Gate::allows('update-post', $post)) {\n    \/\/ \u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u7ae0\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            2.5 \u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                            Laravel \u4f7f\u7528 bcrypt \u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u52a0\u5bc6\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u9632\u6b62\u5bc6\u7801\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            use Illuminate\\Support\\Facades\\Hash;\n\n$password = Hash::make('user_password');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            2.6 \u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                            \u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 forceHttps<\/code> \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6216 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            Route::get('\/secure', function () {\n    return view('secure');\n})->middleware('https');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            2.7 \u4fdd\u62a4\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                            \u907f\u514d\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982 API \u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u51ed\u8bc1\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Laravel \u7684 .env<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            DB_PASSWORD=secret<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 config()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u88ab\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            2.8 \u5b89\u5168\u5934\u90e8\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                            \u4f7f\u7528 Laravel \u4e2d\u7684 Illuminate\\Http\\Middleware\\SecureHeaders<\/code> \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b89\u5168 HTTP \u5934\uff0c\u5982 Content-Security-Policy<\/code>\u3001Strict-Transport-Security<\/code> \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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