{"id":1190,"date":"2025-01-23T23:56:44","date_gmt":"2025-01-23T15:56:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1190"},"modified":"2025-01-24T00:09:21","modified_gmt":"2025-01-23T16:09:21","slug":"yii-%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%ef%bc%9a%e8%b7%af%e7%94%b1%e3%80%81%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e3%80%81%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e4%b8%8e%e8%a1%a8%e5%8d%95%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/23\/yii-%e6%a0%b8%e5%bf%83%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%ef%bc%9a%e8%b7%af%e7%94%b1%e3%80%81%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e3%80%81%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e4%b8%8e%e8%a1%a8%e5%8d%95%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80\/","title":{"rendered":"Yii \u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u8def\u7531\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u8868\u5355\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Yii\u6846\u67b6<\/a>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684MVC\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u6784\u5efaWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e00\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8def\u7531\u4e0eURL\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e0e\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8868\u5355\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. \u8def\u7531\u4e0e URL \u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u8def\u7531\u662fYii\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2aURL\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002Yii\u6846\u67b6\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7fURL\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u7f8e\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u8def\u7531\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u8def\u7531\u662f\u6307URL\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u548c\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5728Yii\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8def\u7531\u89c4\u5219\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a \u63a7\u5236\u5668\/\u52a8\u4f5c<\/code>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 site\/index<\/code> \u5bf9\u5e94 SiteController<\/code> \u7684 actionIndex<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\u89c4\u5219<\/strong>\uff1a
\u5728 config\/web.php<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684 urlManager<\/code> \u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

'components' => [\n    'urlManager' => [\n        'enablePrettyUrl' => true, \/\/ \u542f\u7528\u7f8e\u5316URL\n        'showScriptName' => false, \/\/ \u9690\u85cfindex.php\n        'rules' => [\n            'post\/<id:\\d+>' => 'post\/view',  \/\/ \u6620\u5c04\u5230 post\/view \u52a8\u4f5c\n        ],\n    ],\n],<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42 URL \u4e3a post\/123<\/code> \u65f6\uff0cYii \u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u6620\u5c04\u5230 PostController<\/code> \u7684 actionView(123)<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.2 \u7f8e\u5316 URL \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cYii \u7684 URL \u5305\u542b index.php<\/code>\uff0c\u5982 index.php?r=site\/index<\/code>\u3002\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f8e\u5316\u7684 URL\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 config\/web.php<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e enablePrettyUrl<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 .htaccess<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u53bb\u9664 index.php<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
RewriteEngine on\nRewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f\nRewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d\nRewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php\/$1 [L]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6b64\u65f6\uff0cURL \u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u7c7b\u4f3c site\/index<\/code>\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u53cb\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.3 RESTful \u8def\u7531\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
Yii\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u6784\u5efaRESTful API\u3002\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6eRESTful\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 urlManager<\/code> \u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
'rules' => [\n    'GET posts' => 'post\/index',\n    'GET post\/<id:\\d+>' => 'post\/view',\n    'POST post' => 'post\/create',\n    'PUT post\/<id:\\d+>' => 'post\/update',\n    'DELETE post\/<id:\\d+>' => 'post\/delete',\n],<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\uff0cYii\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6620\u5c04\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
2. \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e0e\u89c6\u56fe<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u548c\u89c6\u56fe\u662fYii\u6846\u67b6MVC\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u5c55\u793a\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.1 \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u662f\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u6267\u884c\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u6e32\u67d3\u89c6\u56fe\u7b49\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea yii\\web\\Controller<\/code> \u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a
Yii\u6846\u67b6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528 init()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u72b6\u6001\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u5199\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class SiteController extends yii\\web\\Controller\n{\n    public function init()\n    {\n        parent::init();\n        \/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.2 \u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u52a8\u4f5c\u201d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 URL \u8def\u7531\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cactionIndex()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u9996\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class SiteController extends yii\\web\\Controller\n{\n    public function actionIndex()\n    {\n        return $this->render('index');\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.3 \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u4e0e\u6e32\u67d3\u89c6\u56fe<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u901a\u8fc7 render()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u89c6\u56fe\u3002render()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u89c6\u56fe\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6e32\u67d3\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public function actionIndex()\n{\n    return $this->render('index', [\n        'name' => 'Yii2 Framework',\n    ]);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.4 \u4f7f\u7528\u5e03\u5c40\u6587\u4ef6 (Layouts)<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u5e03\u5c40\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u9875\u9762\u7684\u516c\u5171\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u5934\u90e8\u3001\u5e95\u90e8\u3001\u5bfc\u822a\u680f\u7b49\u3002\u5728 views\/layouts<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u5e03\u5c40\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 $this->beginLayout()<\/code> \u548c $this->endLayout()<\/code> \u6765\u542f\u7528\u5e03\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cviews\/layouts\/main.php<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<html>\n    <body>\n        <header>Header content<\/header>\n        <div class=\"content\">\n            <?= $content ?>\n        <\/div>\n        <footer>Footer content<\/footer>\n    <\/body>\n<\/html><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
3. \u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u6a21\u578b\uff08Model\uff09\u662f\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002Yii\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684ActiveRecord\uff08AR\uff09\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u6784\u9020\u5668\uff08QueryBuilder\uff09\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3.1 \u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b (Model) \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u5728Yii\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u7c7b\u901a\u5e38\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea yii\\db\\ActiveRecord<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u9a8c\u8bc1\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class Post extends yii\\db\\ActiveRecord\n{\n    public static function tableName()\n    {\n        return 'post';\n    }\n\n    public function rules()\n    {\n        return [\n            [['title', 'content'], 'required'],\n            ['title', 'string', 'max' => 255],\n        ];\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.2 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u5de5\u5177\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u521b\u5efa\u8fc1\u79fb\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
yii migrate\/create create_post_table<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7136\u540e\u5728\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public function safeUp()\n{\n    $this->createTable('post', [\n        'id' => $this->primaryKey(),\n        'title' => $this->string(),\n        'content' => $this->text(),\n    ]);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.3 Active Record (AR) \u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
Active Record \u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u589e\u5220\u6539\u67e5\uff08CRUD\uff09\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 AR \u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      $posts = Post::find()->all();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        $post = new Post();\n  $post->title = 'New Post';\n  $post->content = 'Post content';\n  $post->save();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          $post = Post::findOne(1);\n  $post->title = 'Updated Title';\n  $post->save();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u5220\u9664\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            $post = Post::findOne(1);\n  $post->delete();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          3.4 \u67e5\u8be2\u6784\u9020\u5668\uff08Query Builder\uff09<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
          Query Builder \u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u4ee5\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6784\u9020\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          $posts = Yii::$app->db->createCommand()\n    ->select('*')\n    ->from('post')\n    ->where(['status' => 'active'])\n    ->queryAll();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          3.5 \u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u8868\u5355\u8f93\u5165<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
          \u5728 Yii \u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u7c7b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8868\u5355\u8f93\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          public function rules()\n{\n    return [\n        [['username', 'email'], 'required'],\n        ['email', 'email'],\n        ['username', 'string', 'max' => 255],\n    ];\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          4. \u8868\u5355\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \u8868\u5355\u662f\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002Yii \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u8868\u5355\u9a8c\u8bc1\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          4.1 \u521b\u5efa\u8868\u5355\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
          \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8868\u5355\u8f93\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          $model = new Post();\nif ($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->validate()) {\n    $model->save();\n} else {\n    return $this->render('create', ['model' => $model]);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          4.2 \u8868\u5355\u9a8c\u8bc1\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
          Yii\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • required<\/code>\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
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