{"id":1355,"date":"2025-02-04T00:54:54","date_gmt":"2025-02-03T16:54:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1355"},"modified":"2025-02-04T00:54:55","modified_gmt":"2025-02-03T16:54:55","slug":"c%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%e4%b9%8b%ef%bc%9a4-stl%ef%bc%88%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86%e6%a8%a1%e6%9d%bf%e5%ba%93%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/02\/04\/c%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%e4%b9%8b%ef%bc%9a4-stl%ef%bc%88%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86%e6%a8%a1%e6%9d%bf%e5%ba%93%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"C++\u6807\u51c6\u6a21\u677f\u5e93\uff08STL\uff09\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5bb9\u5668<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">STL\u4e2d\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u6709\uff1a\u5411\u91cf\u3001\u5217\u8868\u3001\u961f\u5217\u3001\u6808\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u548c\u6620\u5c04\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5411\u91cf\uff08vector\uff09<\/strong><br><code>vector<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u672b\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  #include &lt;vector&gt;\n  std::vector&lt;int&gt; v = {1, 2, 3, 4};\n  v.push_back(5);  \/\/ \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\n  for (int x : v) {\n      std::cout &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; \" \";  \/\/ \u904d\u5386\u8f93\u51fa\n  }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5217\u8868\uff08list\uff09<\/strong><br><code>list<\/code>\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5728\u4e24\u7aef\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  #include &lt;list&gt;\n  std::list&lt;int&gt; l = {1, 2, 3};\n  l.push_back(4);  \/\/ \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\n  l.push_front(0); \/\/ \u5728\u524d\u7aef\u63d2\u5165<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u961f\u5217\uff08queue\uff09<\/strong><br><code>queue<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5728\u961f\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5728\u961f\u5934\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  #include &lt;queue&gt;\n  std::queue&lt;int&gt; q;\n  q.push(1);\n  q.push(2);\n  q.pop();  \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u961f\u5934\u5143\u7d20<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6808\uff08stack\uff09<\/strong><br><code>stack<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u8fdb\u540e\u51fa\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5728\u6808\u9876\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  #include &lt;stack&gt;\n  std::stack&lt;int&gt; s;\n  s.push(10);\n  s.push(20);\n  s.pop();  \/\/ \u5f39\u51fa\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u96c6\u5408\uff08set\uff09<\/strong><br><code>set<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  #include &lt;set&gt;\n  std::set&lt;int&gt; s = {1, 2, 3};\n  s.insert(4);  \/\/ \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6620\u5c04\uff08map\uff09<\/strong><br><code>map<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u952e\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u552f\u4e00\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  #include &lt;map&gt;\n  std::map&lt;int, std::string&gt; m;\n  m&#91;1] = \"One\";  \/\/ \u63d2\u5165\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\n  m&#91;2] = \"Two\";<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u63d2\u5165<\/strong><br>\u4e0d\u540c\u5bb9\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982<code>push_back<\/code>\u3001<code>insert<\/code>\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  v.push_back(10);  \/\/ \u5411vector\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\n  l.push_front(0);  \/\/ \u5411list\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5220\u9664<\/strong><br>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>erase<\/code>\u5220\u9664\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  v.erase(v.begin() + 1);  \/\/ \u5220\u9664vector\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u904d\u5386<\/strong><br>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6216\u8303\u56f4\u57fa\u4e8efor\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  for (int x : v) {\n      std::cout &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; \" \";\n  }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u662fSTL\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bb9\u5668\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5b83\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u904d\u5386\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><br>\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u662f\u6307\u5411\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u524d\u8fdb\u548c\u540e\u9000\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  std::vector&lt;int&gt;::iterator it = v.begin();\n  std::cout &lt;&lt; *it &lt;&lt; std::endl;  \/\/ \u89e3\u5f15\u7528<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u524d\u8fdb\uff08++\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u540e\u9000\uff08&#8211;\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6307\u5411\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff08*\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  for (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ++it) {\n      std::cout &lt;&lt; *it &lt;&lt; \" \";\n  }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">STL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08sort\u3001reverse\u3001find\u3001binary_search\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>sort<\/code>\uff1a\u5bf9\u5bb9\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>reverse<\/code>\uff1a\u53cd\u8f6c\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>find<\/code>\uff1a\u67e5\u627e\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>binary_search<\/code>\uff1a\u5728\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  std::sort(v.begin(), v.end());  \/\/ \u6392\u5e8f\n  std::reverse(v.begin(), v.end());  \/\/ \u53cd\u8f6c\n  auto it = std::find(v.begin(), v.end(), 3);  \/\/ \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d203\n  bool found = std::binary_search(v.begin(), v.end(), 3);  \/\/ \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6570\u5b66\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08accumulate\u3001min\u3001max\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>accumulate<\/code>\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bb9\u5668\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d2f\u79ef\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>min<\/code>\u3001<code>max<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u6216\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  int sum = std::accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), 0);  \/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u7d2f\u79ef\u548c\n  int minimum = std::min(3, 5);  \/\/ \u6c42\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\n  int maximum = std::max(3, 5);  \/\/ \u6c42\u6700\u5927\u503c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u96c6\u5408\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08set_union\u3001set_intersection\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>set_union<\/code>\uff1a\u6c42\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5e76\u96c6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>set_intersection<\/code>\uff1a\u6c42\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  std::set&lt;int&gt; set1 = {1, 2, 3};\n  std::set&lt;int&gt; set2 = {3, 4, 5};\n  std::set&lt;int&gt; result;\n  std::set_union(set1.begin(), set1.end(), set2.begin(), set2.end(), std::inserter(result, result.begin()));<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0eLambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\u548cLambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662fC++\u4e2d\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4f20\u9012\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><br>\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u91cd\u8f7d\u4e86<code>()<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u6837\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  class Multiply {\n  public:\n      int operator()(int x, int y) { return x * y; }\n  };\n\n  int main() {\n      Multiply multiply;\n      std::cout &lt;&lt; multiply(2, 3) &lt;&lt; std::endl;  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa6\n  }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><br>Lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  auto add = &#91;](int a, int b) { return a + b; };\n  std::cout &lt;&lt; add(2, 3) &lt;&lt; std::endl;  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa5<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u5916\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  int x = 10;\n  auto captureX = &#91;x](int y) { return x + y; };\n  std::cout &lt;&lt; captureX(5) &lt;&lt; std::endl;  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa15<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">STL\uff08\u6807\u51c6\u6a21\u677f\u5e93\uff09\u662fC++\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\u548cLambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002\u638c\u63e1STL\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684C++\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bb9\u5668 STL\u4e2d\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u6709\uff1a\u5411\u91cf\u3001 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1355"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1356,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1355\/revisions\/1356"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}