{"id":145,"date":"2024-12-10T07:45:12","date_gmt":"2024-12-09T23:45:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=145"},"modified":"2024-12-10T07:45:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-09T23:45:12","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%b0%86-python-%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e4%b8%ad%e9%87%8d%e5%a4%8d%e7%9a%84%e9%94%ae%e5%90%88%e5%b9%b6%e4%b8%ba%e5%80%bc%e7%9a%84%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2024\/12\/10\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%b0%86-python-%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e4%b8%ad%e9%87%8d%e5%a4%8d%e7%9a%84%e9%94%ae%e5%90%88%e5%b9%b6%e4%b8%ba%e5%80%bc%e7%9a%84%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5c06 Python \u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u952e\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u503c\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u952e\u7684 Python \u5b57\u5178\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u503c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u952e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5230\u503c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4ee5\u53ca\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u4f7f\u7528 <code>collections.defaultdict<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>defaultdict<\/code> \u662f Python \u7684\u5185\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u672a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u590d\u952e\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c<code>defaultdict<\/code> \u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from collections import defaultdict\n\n# \u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\ndata = &#91;\n    {'a': 10, 'b': 20},\n    {'a': 30, 'c': 40},\n    {'b': 50, 'a': 60, 'd': 70}\n]\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528 defaultdict \u5408\u5e76\nmerged = defaultdict(list)\nfor sub_dict in data:\n    for key, value in sub_dict.items():\n        merged&#91;key].append(value)\n\n# \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u5b57\u5178\u8f93\u51fa\nresult = dict(merged)\nprint(result)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>{'a': &#91;10, 30, 60], 'b': &#91;20, 50], 'c': &#91;40], 'd': &#91;70]}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u91cd\u590d\u952e\u503c\u7684\u8ffd\u52a0<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u786e\u4fdd\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u610f\u5916\u5d4c\u5957\u6216\u952e\u540d\u91cd\u590d\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u503c\u8ffd\u52a0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>defaultdict(list)<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5217\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u53bb\u91cd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u7528 <code>defaultdict(set)<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u4f7f\u7528 <code>dict.setdefault<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>setdefault<\/code> \u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\ndata = &#91;\n    {'a': 10, 'b': 20},\n    {'a': 30, 'c': 40},\n    {'b': 50, 'a': 60, 'd': 70}\n]\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528 setdefault \u5408\u5e76\nmerged = {}\nfor sub_dict in data:\n    for key, value in sub_dict.items():\n        merged.setdefault(key, &#91;]).append(value)\n\nprint(merged)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>{'a': &#91;10, 30, 60], 'b': &#91;20, 50], 'c': &#91;40], 'd': &#91;70]}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u952e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u68c0\u67e5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6bcf\u6b21\u5bf9\u952e\u8c03\u7528 <code>setdefault<\/code> \u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u7a0d\u900a\u4e8e <code>defaultdict<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>setdefault<\/code> \u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5bf9\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u590d\u6742\u5d4c\u5957\u903b\u8f91\u964d\u4f4e\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4e14\u89c4\u6a21\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u751f\u6210\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\ndata = &#91;\n    {'a': 10, 'b': 20},\n    {'a': 30, 'c': 40},\n    {'b': 50, 'a': 60, 'd': 70}\n]\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u5408\u5e76\nall_keys = {key for sub_dict in data for key in sub_dict}\nmerged = {key: &#91;sub_dict&#91;key] for sub_dict in data if key in sub_dict] for key in all_keys}\n\nprint(merged)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>{'a': &#91;10, 30, 60], 'b': &#91;20, 50], 'c': &#91;40], 'd': &#91;70]}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4e34\u65f6\u5217\u8868 <code>all_keys<\/code>\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5360\u7528\u8f83\u591a\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u7b80\u6d01\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u867d\u7136\u4ee3\u7801\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u5b57\u5178\u89c4\u6a21\u6269\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u5d4c\u5957\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u7efc\u5408\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5408\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u952e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5d4c\u5957\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u975e\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e94\u4e8b\u5148\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  data = &#91;{'a': 1, 'b': 2}, None, {'a': 3}]\n  # \u5e94\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d\u8fc7\u6ee4 None \u503c\uff1a\n  data = &#91;d for d in data if isinstance(d, dict)]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u53bb\u91cd\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u53bb\u91cd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u96c6\u5408\u66ff\u4ee3\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  from collections import defaultdict\n  merged = defaultdict(set)\n  for d in data:\n      for k, v in d.items():\n          merged&#91;k].add(v)\n  # \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\n  result = {k: list(v) for k, v in merged.items()}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>defaultdict<\/code> \u662f\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u4f18\u9009\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5b9e\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u573a\u666f 1\uff1a\u65e5\u5fd7\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u591a\u4efd\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4efd\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5408\u5e76\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>logs = &#91;\n    {'user1': 'login', 'user2': 'view'},\n    {'user1': 'logout', 'user3': 'purchase'},\n    {'user2': 'comment', 'user1': 'login'}\n]\n\nmerged_logs = defaultdict(list)\nfor log in logs:\n    for user, action in log.items():\n        merged_logs&#91;user].append(action)\n\nprint(dict(merged_logs))<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>{'user1': &#91;'login', 'logout', 'login'], 'user2': &#91;'view', 'comment'], 'user3': &#91;'purchase']}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u573a\u666f 2\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u7ec4\u7edf\u8ba1<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u9500\u552e\u6570\u636e\u6309\u5546\u54c1 ID \u5408\u5e76\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sales = &#91;\n    {'item1': 10, 'item2': 5},\n    {'item2': 15, 'item3': 20},\n    {'item1': 25, 'item3': 10}\n]\n\nmerged_sales = defaultdict(list)\nfor record in sales:\n    for item, amount in record.items():\n        merged_sales&#91;item].append(amount)\n\n# \u6c47\u603b\u7edf\u8ba1\nsummed_sales = {item: sum(amounts) for item, amounts in merged_sales.items()}\nprint(summed_sales)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>{'item1': 35, 'item2': 20, 'item3': 30}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u9ad8\u6548\u5904\u7406\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u952e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5408\u5e76\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u987e\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u952e\u7684 Python \u5b57\u5178\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u503c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u952e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5230\u503c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=145"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":146,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145\/revisions\/146"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=145"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}