{"id":1501,"date":"2025-02-09T18:57:04","date_gmt":"2025-02-09T10:57:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1501"},"modified":"2025-02-09T18:57:05","modified_gmt":"2025-02-09T10:57:05","slug":"%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e7%9a%84-flask-%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f-%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e7%9a%84-flask-%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/02\/09\/%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e7%9a%84-flask-%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f-%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e7%9a%84-flask-%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6784\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u7684 Flask \u535a\u5ba2\u7cfb\u7edf \u2013 \u5b8c\u6574\u7684 Flask \u5f00\u53d1\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u535a\u5ba2\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684 Flask \u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u8868\u5355\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5206\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9879\u76ee\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u6ce8\u9500<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53d1\u5e03\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6587\u7ae0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bc4\u8bba\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e00\uff1a\u73af\u5883\u642d\u5efa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   python -m venv venv<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Windows: <code>venv\\Scripts\\activate<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>macOS\/Linux: <code>source venv\/bin\/activate<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u88c5 Flask \u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6269\u5c55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   pip install flask flask-sqlalchemy flask-wtf flask-login<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e8c\uff1a\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u521b\u5efa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/blog\n    \/static\n        \/css\n        \/images\n    \/templates\n        base.html\n        index.html\n        login.html\n        register.html\n        post.html\n    app.py\n    config.py<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>app.py<\/code>\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ee3\u7801<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>config.py<\/code>\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/templates<\/code>\uff1aHTML \u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/static<\/code>\uff1a\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 CSS\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e09\uff1a\u521b\u5efa Flask \u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728 <code>app.py<\/code> \u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e Flask \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong> (<code>config.py<\/code>):<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>import os\n\nclass Config:\n    SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY') or 'you-will-never-guess'\n    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'sqlite:\/\/\/blog.db'\n    SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong> (<code>app.py<\/code>):<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from flask import Flask\nfrom flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy\nfrom flask_wtf import FlaskForm\nfrom flask_login import LoginManager\n\napp = Flask(__name__)\napp.config.from_object('config.Config')\n\ndb = SQLAlchemy(app)\nlogin_manager = LoginManager(app)\nlogin_manager.login_view = 'login'  # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u672a\u767b\u5f55\u65f6\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230 login \u9875\u9762\n\nfrom app import routes  # \u5728 routes.py \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b65\u9aa4\u56db\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 <code>app.py<\/code> \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u7528\u6237\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u548c\u8bc4\u8bba\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from datetime import datetime\nfrom flask_login import UserMixin\n\n# \u7528\u6237\u6a21\u578b\nclass User(db.Model, UserMixin):\n    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)\n    username = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)\n    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)\n    password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)\n    posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy=True)  # \u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5173\u7cfb\n\n# \u6587\u7ae0\u6a21\u578b\nclass Post(db.Model):\n    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)\n    title = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)\n    content = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False)\n    date_posted = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)\n    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)\n\n# \u8bc4\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\nclass Comment(db.Model):\n    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)\n    content = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False)\n    post_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('post.id'), nullable=False)\n    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)\n    post = db.relationship('Post', backref=db.backref('comments', lazy=True))  # \u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5173\u7cfb<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e94\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u5355\u7c7b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528 <strong>Flask-WTF<\/strong> \u6765\u5904\u7406\u8868\u5355\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u5355<\/strong> (<code>forms.py<\/code>):<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from flask_wtf import FlaskForm\nfrom wtforms import StringField, PasswordField, SubmitField\nfrom wtforms.validators import DataRequired, Email, Length\n\nclass RegistrationForm(FlaskForm):\n    username = StringField('Username', validators=&#91;DataRequired(), Length(min=2, max=20)])\n    email = StringField('Email', validators=&#91;DataRequired(), Email()])\n    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=&#91;DataRequired()])\n    submit = SubmitField('Sign Up')<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u8868\u5355<\/strong> (<code>forms.py<\/code>):<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class LoginForm(FlaskForm):\n    email = StringField('Email', validators=&#91;DataRequired(), Email()])\n    password = PasswordField('Password', validators=&#91;DataRequired()])\n    submit = SubmitField('Log In')<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>\u53d1\u5e03\u6587\u7ae0\u8868\u5355<\/strong> (<code>forms.py<\/code>):<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class PostForm(FlaskForm):\n    title = StringField('Title', validators=&#91;DataRequired()])\n    content = StringField('Content', validators=&#91;DataRequired()])\n    submit = SubmitField('Post')<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b65\u9aa4\u516d\uff1a\u8def\u7531\u548c\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 <code>routes.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>\u4e3b\u9875\u8def\u7531<\/strong>\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u7ae0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from flask import render_template\nfrom app import app\nfrom app import db\nfrom app.models import Post\n\n@app.route('\/')\ndef home():\n    posts = Post.query.all()\n    return render_template('index.html', posts=posts)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>\u6ce8\u518c\u8def\u7531<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from flask import render_template, url_for, redirect\nfrom flask_login import login_user\nfrom app import app\nfrom app.models import User\nfrom app.forms import RegistrationForm\nfrom app import db\n\n@app.route(\"\/register\", methods=&#91;'GET', 'POST'])\ndef register():\n    form = RegistrationForm()\n    if form.validate_on_submit():\n        user = User(username=form.username.data, email=form.email.data, password=form.password.data)\n        db.session.add(user)\n        db.session.commit()\n        login_user(user)\n        return redirect(url_for('home'))\n    return render_template('register.html', form=form)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>\u767b\u5f55\u8def\u7531<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from flask import render_template, redirect, url_for\nfrom flask_login import login_user\nfrom app import app\nfrom app.models import User\nfrom app.forms import LoginForm\n\n@app.route(\"\/login\", methods=&#91;'GET', 'POST'])\ndef login():\n    form = LoginForm()\n    if form.validate_on_submit():\n        user = User.query.filter_by(email=form.email.data).first()\n        if user and user.password == form.password.data:\n            login_user(user)\n            return redirect(url_for('home'))\n    return render_template('login.html', form=form)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>\u53d1\u5e03\u6587\u7ae0\u8def\u7531<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from flask import render_template, redirect, url_for\nfrom flask_login import current_user\nfrom app import app\nfrom app.models import Post\nfrom app.forms import PostForm\nfrom app import db\n\n@app.route(\"\/post\/new\", methods=&#91;'GET', 'POST'])\ndef new_post():\n    form = PostForm()\n    if form.validate_on_submit():\n        post = Post(title=form.title.data, content=form.content.data, author=current_user)\n        db.session.add(post)\n        db.session.commit()\n        return redirect(url_for('home'))\n    return render_template('post.html', form=form)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e03\uff1a\u524d\u7aef\u6a21\u677f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 <code>templates<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa HTML \u6a21\u677f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u677f<\/strong> (<code>base.html<\/code>):<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;\n&lt;html lang=\"en\"&gt;\n&lt;head&gt;\n    &lt;meta charset=\"UTF-8\"&gt;\n    &lt;meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"&gt;\n    &lt;title&gt;Flask Blog&lt;\/title&gt;\n&lt;\/head&gt;\n&lt;body&gt;\n    &lt;nav&gt;\n        &lt;a href=\"{{ url_for('home') }}\"&gt;Home&lt;\/a&gt;\n        &lt;a href=\"{{ url_for('register') }}\"&gt;Register&lt;\/a&gt;\n        &lt;a href=\"{{ url_for('login') }}\"&gt;Login&lt;\/a&gt;\n        &lt;a href=\"{{ url_for('new_post') }}\"&gt;New Post&lt;\/a&gt;\n    &lt;\/nav&gt;\n    &lt;div&gt;\n        {% block content %}{% endblock %}\n    &lt;\/div&gt;\n&lt;\/body&gt;\n&lt;\/html&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>\u9996\u9875\u6a21\u677f<\/strong> (<code>index.html<\/code>):<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>{% extends 'base.html' %}\n{% block content %}\n    &lt;h1&gt;All Posts&lt;\/h1&gt;\n    {% for post in posts %}\n        &lt;div&gt;\n            &lt;h2&gt;{{ post.title }}&lt;\/h2&gt;\n            &lt;p&gt;{{ post.content }}&lt;\/p&gt;\n            &lt;p&gt;By {{ post.author.username }} on {{ post.date_posted }}&lt;\/p&gt;\n        &lt;\/div&gt;\n    {% endfor %}\n{% endblock %}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b65\u9aa4\u516b\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u8fc1\u79fb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>python\n&gt;&gt;&gt; from app import db\n&gt;&gt;&gt; db.create_all()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8 Flask \u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>flask run<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ed3\u8bed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u7cfb\u7edf\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u5e03\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bc4\u8bba\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u7f16\u8f91\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u3001\u5206\u9875\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u529f\u80fd\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u535a\u5ba2\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684 Flask \u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u8868\u5355\u5904\u7406\u7b49 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1501","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1501","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1501"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1501\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1502,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1501\/revisions\/1502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}