{"id":1504,"date":"2025-02-10T23:09:32","date_gmt":"2025-02-10T15:09:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1504"},"modified":"2025-02-10T23:09:33","modified_gmt":"2025-02-10T15:09:33","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e5%88%b0%e9%ab%98%e7%ba%a7%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4sql%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/02\/10\/%e4%bb%8e%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e5%88%b0%e9%ab%98%e7%ba%a7%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4sql%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u5230\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u5b8c\u6574SQL\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u4e60 SQL \u7684\u5927\u7eb2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u5230\u8fdb\u9636\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5927\u7eb2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5168\u9762\u7406\u89e3 SQL\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>SQL \u57fa\u7840<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SQL \u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f SQL\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SQL \u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SQL \u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6574\u6570\u3001\u6d6e\u52a8\u70b9\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u57fa\u672c\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SELECT \u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u67e5\u8be2\u7279\u5b9a\u5217\u4e0e\u884c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 WHERE \u6761\u4ef6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6392\u5e8f\uff1aORDER BY<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>COUNT(), SUM(), AVG(), MIN(), MAX()<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 GROUP BY \u5206\u7ec4\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 HAVING \u8fc7\u6ee4\u805a\u5408\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 AND\u3001OR\u3001NOT \u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>BETWEEN\u3001IN\u3001LIKE\u3001IS NULL \u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>INSERT INTO \u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>UPDATE \u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 WHERE \u66f4\u65b0\u7279\u5b9a\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>DELETE \u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 WHERE \u5220\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 COMMIT \u548c ROLLBACK<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e8b\u52a1\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\uff1aREAD UNCOMMITTED, READ COMMITTED, REPEATABLE READ, SERIALIZABLE<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8fde\u63a5\u67e5\u8be2 (JOIN)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>INNER JOIN\u3001LEFT JOIN\u3001RIGHT JOIN\u3001FULL OUTER JOIN<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u81ea\u8fde\u63a5 (Self Join)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5728 SELECT\u3001WHERE\u3001FROM \u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76f8\u5173\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u975e\u76f8\u5173\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2 (UNION)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 UNION\u3001UNION ALL \u5408\u5e76\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u96c6\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>INTERSECT\u3001EXCEPT<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7a97\u53e3\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), DENSE_RANK()<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7a97\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u533a\u3001\u805a\u5408<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5efa\u6a21<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8868\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8303\u5f0f\uff081NF, 2NF, 3NF \u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0e\u5916\u952e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\uff1aCREATE INDEX<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7d22\u5f15\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u5355\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8868\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u3001\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u3001\u591a\u5bf9\u591a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. <strong>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u89c6\u56fe (View)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u89c6\u56fe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u7b80\u5316\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u4e0e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u89e6\u53d1\u5668 (Triggers)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1aINSERT\u3001UPDATE\u3001DELETE<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8c03\u5ea6<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u5982 MySQL \u7684 EVENT\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. <strong>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b8c\u6574\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u589e\u91cf\u5907\u4efd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5907\u4efd\u6062\u590d\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8be2\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\uff08EXPLAIN\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f18\u5316 SQL \u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5206\u533a\u4e0e\u5206\u8868<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8868\u5206\u533a\uff1a\u8303\u56f4\u5206\u533a\u3001\u5217\u8868\u5206\u533a\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u5206\u533a\u7b49<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u8868\u4e0e\u5782\u76f4\u5206\u8868<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. <strong>\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MySQL<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MySQL \u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u7279\u6027<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 MySQL \u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982 phpMyAdmin\u3001Workbench\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PostgreSQL<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PostgreSQL \u4e0e MySQL \u7684\u533a\u522b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 PostgreSQL \u7279\u6709\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5982 JSON \u652f\u6301\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SQLite<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SQLite \u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SQL Server\u3001Oracle \u7b49\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. <strong>\u5b9e\u6218\u4e0e\u9879\u76ee<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SQL \u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u6218<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u7cfb\u7edf\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u57fa\u4e8e SQL \u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728 Flask \u4e2d\u6574\u5408 SQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9047\u5230\u5e38\u89c1 SQL \u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e0e\u4fee\u590d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e0e\u4e8b\u52a1\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. <strong>\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6df1\u5165<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4e66\u7c4d\u63a8\u8350<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u300aSQL \u5fc5\u77e5\u5fc5\u4f1a\u300b\u2014 Ben Forta<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd MySQL\u300b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u7a0b<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>LeetCode \u7684 SQL \u7ec3\u4e60\u9898<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>W3Schools SQL \u6559\u7a0b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5efa\u6a21\u4e66\u7c4d<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u300a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u6982\u8bba\u300b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540e\u7eed\u5c06\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u5b66\u5927\u7eb2\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90\u6216\u8005\u793a\u4f8b\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b66\u4e60 SQL \u7684\u5927\u7eb2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u5230\u8fdb\u9636\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5927\u7eb2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5168\u9762\u7406\u89e3 SQL\uff1a 1.  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1504","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sql"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1504"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1505,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1504\/revisions\/1505"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}