{"id":1514,"date":"2025-02-10T23:35:55","date_gmt":"2025-02-10T15:35:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1514"},"modified":"2025-02-10T23:35:56","modified_gmt":"2025-02-10T15:35:56","slug":"sql%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e9%ab%98%e7%ba%a7%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%9a%e8%a7%86%e5%9b%be%e3%80%81%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%8e%e8%a7%a6%e5%8f%91%e5%99%a8%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/02\/10\/sql%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e9%ab%98%e7%ba%a7%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%9a%e8%a7%86%e5%9b%be%e3%80%81%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b%e4%b8%8e%e8%a7%a6%e5%8f%91%e5%99%a8%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f<strong>SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u6559\u7a0b\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728SQL\u4e2d\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u89c6\u56fe (View)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89c6\u56fe\u662f\u865a\u62df\u8868\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5316\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5c55\u793a\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a <code>SELECT<\/code> \u67e5\u8be2\u521b\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 \u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u56fe<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528 <code>CREATE VIEW<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u666e\u901a\u8868\u4e00\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u652f\u6301 <code>SELECT<\/code>\u3001<code>JOIN<\/code>\u3001<code>WHERE<\/code> \u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8ba2\u5355\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  CREATE VIEW user_orders AS\n  SELECT users.id AS user_id, users.name AS user_name, orders.order_id, orders.order_date\n  FROM users\n  JOIN orders ON users.id = orders.user_id;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 \u5220\u9664\u89c6\u56fe<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>DROP VIEW<\/code> \u5220\u9664\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5220\u9664\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u89c6\u56fe\u6240\u57fa\u4e8e\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  DROP VIEW user_orders;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.3 \u4f7f\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u7b80\u5316\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u7b80\u5316\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u9700\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u5199\u590d\u6742\u7684 <code>JOIN<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u8be2\u89c6\u56fe\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8ba2\u5355\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  SELECT * FROM user_orders WHERE user_id = 1;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4SQL\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 \u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  CREATE PROCEDURE add_user(IN user_name VARCHAR(100), IN user_age INT)\n  BEGIN\n    INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES (user_name, user_age);\n  END;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6267\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  CALL add_user('John Doe', 25);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 \u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u4e0e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>IN<\/code>\u3001<code>OUT<\/code>\u3001<code>INOUT<\/code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63a5\u53d7\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  CREATE PROCEDURE get_user_by_id(IN user_id INT, OUT user_name VARCHAR(100))\n  BEGIN\n    SELECT name INTO user_name FROM users WHERE id = user_id;\n  END;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8c03\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  CALL get_user_by_id(1, @user_name);\n  SELECT @user_name;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u89e6\u53d1\u5668 (Triggers)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u751f\u67d0\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 \u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<code>INSERT<\/code>\u3001<code>UPDATE<\/code>\u3001<code>DELETE<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u8868\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982 <code>INSERT<\/code>\u3001<code>UPDATE<\/code> \u6216 <code>DELETE<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u76f8\u5e94\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  CREATE TRIGGER before_insert_user\n  BEFORE INSERT ON users\n  FOR EACH ROW\n  SET NEW.created_at = NOW();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u5220\u9664\u8ba2\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u652f\u4ed8\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  CREATE TRIGGER before_delete_order\n  BEFORE DELETE ON orders\n  FOR EACH ROW\n  BEGIN\n    IF OLD.status = 'unpaid' THEN\n      SIGNAL SQLSTATE '45000' SET MESSAGE_TEXT = 'Cannot delete unpaid orders';\n    END IF;\n  END;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 \u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8c03\u5ea6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MySQL \u652f\u6301\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9aSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u81ea\u52a8\u5220\u96647\u5929\u524d\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  CREATE EVENT delete_old_orders\n  ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY\n  STARTS '2025-02-15 00:00:00'\n  DO\n    DELETE FROM orders WHERE order_date &lt; NOW() - INTERVAL 7 DAY;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u5141\u8bb8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u7279\u5b9a\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u8fc7 <code>FULLTEXT<\/code> \u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9 <code>TEXT<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u6587\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u6587\u672c\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4e3a <code>articles<\/code> \u8868\u7684 <code>content<\/code> \u5217\u521b\u5efa\u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  CREATE FULLTEXT INDEX idx_content ON articles(content);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u6587\u641c\u7d22\u67e5\u8be2\u5305\u542b\u7279\u5b9a\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  SELECT * FROM articles\n  WHERE MATCH(content) AGAINST ('database' IN NATURAL LANGUAGE MODE);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p 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