{"id":1786,"date":"2025-02-18T22:44:48","date_gmt":"2025-02-18T14:44:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1786"},"modified":"2025-02-18T22:44:48","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T14:44:48","slug":"mysql-%e6%ad%a3%e5%88%99%e8%a1%a8%e8%be%be%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/02\/18\/mysql-%e6%ad%a3%e5%88%99%e8%a1%a8%e8%be%be%e5%bc%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

MySQL \u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528 \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong> \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 REGEXP<\/code> \u6216 RLIKE<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u6267\u884c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u662f\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u719f\u6089 PHP<\/strong> \u6216 Perl<\/strong> \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cMySQL \u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. REGEXP<\/code> \u548c RLIKE<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • REGEXP<\/code> \u548c RLIKE<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    2. \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    SELECT column_name \nFROM table_name \nWHERE column_name REGEXP 'regular_expression';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • column_name<\/code> \u662f\u4f60\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • regular_expression<\/code> \u662f\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      3. \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      MySQL \u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9075\u5faa POSIX<\/strong> \u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      1. \u70b9\u53f7 .<\/code><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • .<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u9664\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u5916\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        2. \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6 []<\/code><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • [abc]<\/code> \u5339\u914d a<\/code>\u3001b<\/code> \u6216 c<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • [^abc]<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u9664 a<\/code>\u3001b<\/code>\u3001c<\/code> \u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • [a-z]<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          3. \u6570\u91cf\u8bcd *<\/code>, +<\/code>, ?<\/code>, {n,m}<\/code><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • *<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • +<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • ?<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • {n,m}<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u81f3\u5c11 n<\/code> \u6b21\uff0c\u6700\u591a m<\/code> \u6b21\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            4. \u7ba1\u9053\u7b26 |<\/code>\uff08\u6216\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • a|b<\/code> \u5339\u914d a<\/code> \u6216 b<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              5. \u5706\u62ec\u53f7 ()<\/code>\uff08\u5206\u7ec4\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • (abc)<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 “abc”\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u5206\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6355\u83b7\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b50\u4e32\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                6. \u951a\u70b9 ^<\/code> \u548c $<\/code><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • ^<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • $<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  7. \u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26 \\\\<\/code><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • \u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u53cd\u659c\u6760 \\\\<\/code> \u6765\u8f6c\u4e49\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    8. \u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u89c1\u5339\u914d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    • \\d<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e [0-9]<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \\w<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e [a-zA-Z0-9_]<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \\s<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u7a7a\u683c\u3001\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u3001\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                      4. \u5e38\u89c1\u4f8b\u5b50<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      1. \u5339\u914d\u5305\u542b\u7279\u5b9a\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                      \u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a customers<\/code> \u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b email<\/code> \u5217\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b gmail.com<\/code> \u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      SELECT email\nFROM customers\nWHERE email REGEXP 'gmail\\.com';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      \u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                      • gmail\\.com<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528 \\<\/code> \u6765\u8f6c\u4e49 .<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c.<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                        2. \u5339\u914d\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                        \u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 “A” \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u540d\u5b57\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        SELECT emp_name\nFROM employees\nWHERE emp_name REGEXP '^A';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                          \n
                        • ^A<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u5b57\u6bcd A<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                          3. \u5339\u914d\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                          \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u7684 phone_number<\/code> \u5217\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                          SELECT phone_number\nFROM contacts\nWHERE phone_number REGEXP '[0-9]';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                          \u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            \n
                          • [0-9]<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                            4. \u5339\u914d\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                            \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 |<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u4ee5 “John” \u6216 “Alice” \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u540d\u5b57\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            SELECT emp_name\nFROM employees\nWHERE emp_name REGEXP '^John|^Alice';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              \n
                            • ^John|^Alice<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u4ee5 “John” \u6216 “Alice” \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                              5. \u5339\u914d\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                              \u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u627e\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u5de5\u53f7\uff0c\u5de5\u53f7\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              SELECT emp_id\nFROM employees\nWHERE emp_id REGEXP '^[0-9]{3}$';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                              \u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                \n
                              • ^[0-9]{3}$<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u5de5\u53f7\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6070\u597d\u7531\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                6. \u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5339\u914d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                                MySQL \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u662f\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 BINARY<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u4ee5 “john” \u6216 “Alice” \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                SELECT emp_name\nFROM employees\nWHERE emp_name REGEXP BINARY '^john|^alice';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                5. \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                  \n
                                • REGEXP<\/code> \u548c RLIKE<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                • \u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de 1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                • \u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de 0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                  6. \u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                  \u867d\u7136 REGEXP<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u666e\u901a\u7684 LIKE<\/code> \u67e5\u8be2\u66f4\u6162\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u5728\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u8868\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8003\u8651\u5176\u4ed6\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                  7. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                    \n
                                  • \u4f7f\u7528 REGEXP<\/code> \u6216 RLIKE<\/code> \u6765\u6267\u884c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                  • \u652f\u6301\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u3001\u6570\u91cf\u8bcd\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                  • \u4f7f\u7528 ^<\/code> \u548c $<\/code> \u6765\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                  • REGEXP<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u662f\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 BINARY<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                    \u901a\u8fc7\u7075\u6d3b\u4f7f\u7528 MySQL \u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u548c\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                                    MySQL \u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528 \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 REGEXP \u6216 RLIKE \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u6267\u884c\u6b63\u5219\u8868 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mysql"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1786"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1786\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1787,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1786\/revisions\/1787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}