{"id":1977,"date":"2025-02-23T15:01:57","date_gmt":"2025-02-23T07:01:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=1977"},"modified":"2025-02-23T15:01:57","modified_gmt":"2025-02-23T07:01:57","slug":"html5-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%8f%91%e9%80%81%e4%ba%8b%e4%bb%b6server-sent-events","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/02\/23\/html5-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%8f%91%e9%80%81%e4%ba%8b%e4%bb%b6server-sent-events\/","title":{"rendered":"HTML5\u00a0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4e8b\u4ef6(Server-Sent Events)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

HTML5 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4e8b\u4ef6 (Server-Sent Events, SSE)<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 SSE\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u5411\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u63a8\u9001\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8f6e\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002SSE \u4f7f\u5f97 Web \u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u662f\u5355\u5411\u7684\uff08\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SSE \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. \u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a<\/strong> SSE \u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u957f\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/strong> \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u6301\u4e45\u7684 HTTP \u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a8\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u6587\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong> SSE \u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f UTF-8 \u7f16\u7801\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u62e9 SSE\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u7b80\u6d01\u6613\u7528\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e0e WebSocket \u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cSSE \u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u5185\u5efa\u652f\u6301\uff1a<\/strong> SSE \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e HTTP \u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6709\u5bf9\u5176\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5e93\u6216\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u9002\u5408\u5355\u5411\u6d41\uff1a<\/strong> SSE \u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u65b0\u95fb\u3001\u80a1\u7968\u884c\u60c5\u3001\u901a\u77e5\u63a8\u9001\u7b49\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u521b\u5efa SSE \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u521b\u5efa SSE \u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/strong>
        \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001 Content-Type: text\/event-stream<\/code> \u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u544a\u77e5\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8be5\u8fde\u63a5\u4e3a SSE \u6d41\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u6301\u7eed\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u8fde\u63a5\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. \u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528 EventSource<\/code> \u63a5\u6536 SSE\uff1a<\/strong>
        \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7 EventSource<\/code> API \u6765\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6d41\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6280\u672f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528 Node.js<\/strong> \u521b\u5efa SSE \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \/\/ Node.js \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u793a\u4f8b\nconst http = require('http');\n\nhttp.createServer((req, res) => {\n  \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u662f SSE \u8bf7\u6c42\n  if (req.url === '\/events') {\n    res.writeHead(200, {\n      'Content-Type': 'text\/event-stream', \/\/ \u6307\u5b9a SSE \u683c\u5f0f\n      'Cache-Control': 'no-cache',         \/\/ \u7981\u6b62\u7f13\u5b58\n      'Connection': 'keep-alive',          \/\/ \u4fdd\u6301\u8fde\u63a5\n    });\n\n    \/\/ \u6bcf 1 \u79d2\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6b21\u6d88\u606f\n    setInterval(() => {\n      res.write('data: ' + JSON.stringify({ message: 'Hello from server' }) + '\\n\\n');\n    }, 1000);\n  } else {\n    \/\/ \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de 404\n    res.writeHead(404);\n    res.end();\n  }\n}).listen(3000, () => {\n  console.log('Server is listening on http:\/\/localhost:3000');\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528 EventSource<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u63a5\u6536 SSE \u6d88\u606f\u3002EventSource<\/code> \u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u63a5\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        <!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n  <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n  <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\">\n  <title>Server-Sent Events Example<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n  <h1>Real-time messages from server<\/h1>\n  <div id=\"messages\"><\/div>\n\n  <script>\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa EventSource \u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684 \/events \u8def\u5f84\n    const eventSource = new EventSource('\/events');\n\n    \/\/ \u76d1\u542c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f\n    eventSource.onmessage = function(event) {\n      const messageDiv = document.getElementById('messages');\n      const data = JSON.parse(event.data);  \/\/ \u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u7684 JSON \u6570\u636e\n      messageDiv.innerHTML += `<p>${data.message}<\/p>`;\n    };\n\n    \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\n    eventSource.onerror = function() {\n      console.error('Error occurred while receiving SSE.');\n      eventSource.close();\n    };\n  <\/script>\n<\/body>\n<\/html><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • EventSource<\/code>\uff1a<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u8fde\u63a5\u63a8\u9001\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • onmessage<\/code>\uff1a<\/strong> \u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001\u65b0\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0conmessage<\/code> \u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f1a\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • onerror<\/code>\uff1a<\/strong> \u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8fde\u63a5\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fde\u63a5\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\uff0conerror<\/code> \u4f1a\u88ab\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8bd5\u903b\u8f91\u6216\u8d44\u6e90\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          SSE \u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          SSE \u6d88\u606f\u662f\u6587\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u90fd\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • \u4e8b\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/strong> \u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • ID\uff1a<\/strong> \u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u552f\u4e00 ID\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u91cd\u8bd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u95f4\u9694\uff08\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u6beb\u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 SSE \u6d88\u606f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            id: 123\nevent: customEvent\ndata: {\"message\": \"Hello, world!\"}\nretry: 10000<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 onmessage<\/code> \u4e8b\u4ef6\u6765\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong> \u901a\u8fc7 event<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u6307\u5b9a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u76f8\u5e94\u7684 on[eventType]<\/code> \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \/\/ \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6\nres.write('event: customEvent\\n');\nres.write('data: {\"message\": \"Custom event triggered\"}\\n\\n');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
              eventSource.addEventListener('customEvent', function(event) {\n  const data = JSON.parse(event.data);\n  console.log('Custom event received:', data);\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              SSE \u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • \u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\uff1a<\/strong> SSE \u57fa\u4e8e HTTP \u548c\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 API\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e93\u6216\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u5b9e\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a<\/strong> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u63a8\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u8fde\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u8fde\u63a5\u4e22\u5931\uff0cSSE \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u8fde\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • \u5355\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a<\/strong> SSE \u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5355\u5411\u6570\u636e\u6d41\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u804a\u5929\u5e94\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u652f\u6301\uff1a<\/strong> \u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u652f\u6301 SSE\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f83\u8001\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08\u5982 Internet Explorer\uff09\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u6709\u9650\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u91cf\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u9ad8\u9891\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6d88\u606f\uff09\uff0cSSE \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cWebSocket \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                  HTML5 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08SSE\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a8\u9001\u5b9e\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5b83\u76f8\u6bd4 WebSocket \u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5355\u5411\u6d88\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 SSE\uff0cWeb \u5e94\u7528\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u901a\u77e5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u63a8\u9001\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u8f6e\u8be2\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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