{"id":2276,"date":"2025-03-03T23:19:13","date_gmt":"2025-03-03T15:19:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2276"},"modified":"2025-03-03T23:19:13","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T15:19:13","slug":"java-%e5%a4%9a%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/03\/java-%e5%a4%9a%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"Java \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Java \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f Java \u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002Java \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982 Thread \u7c7b\u3001Runnable \u63a5\u53e3\u3001Callable \u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\uff08Executor \u6846\u67b6\uff09<\/strong> \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08Thread\uff09\u662f \u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08Process\uff09<\/strong> \u5185\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f \u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong>\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b VS \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\uff0c\u5982\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406 I\/O \u4efb\u52a1\u5bb9\u6613\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8 CPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n

    2. Java \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u65b9\u5f0f 1\uff1a\u7ee7\u627f Thread \u7c7b<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

    \u5b9e\u73b0\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. \u7ee7\u627f Thread<\/code> \u7c7b<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u91cd\u5199 run()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u4f7f\u7528 start()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u542f\u52a8\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      class MyThread extends Thread {\n    @Override\n    public void run() {\n        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {\n            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + \" - \" + i);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\npublic class ThreadExample {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        MyThread t1 = new MyThread();\n        MyThread t2 = new MyThread();\n\n        t1.start(); \/\/ \u542f\u52a8\u7ebf\u7a0b\n        t2.start();\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff08\u7ed3\u679c\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      Thread-0 - 1\nThread-1 - 1\nThread-0 - 2\nThread-1 - 2\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      \u65b9\u5f0f 2\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0 Runnable \u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      Java \u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 Runnable \u63a5\u53e3<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u652f\u6301 \u591a\u7ee7\u627f<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      class MyRunnable implements Runnable {\n    @Override\n    public void run() {\n        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {\n            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + \" - \" + i);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\npublic class RunnableExample {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        Thread t1 = new Thread(new MyRunnable());\n        Thread t2 = new Thread(new MyRunnable());\n\n        t1.start();\n        t2.start();\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f18\u52bf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u89e3\u8026<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5206\u5f00<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u652f\u6301\u591a\u7ee7\u627f<\/strong>\uff08Java \u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5355\u7ee7\u627f\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        \u65b9\u5f0f 3\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 Callable \u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        Callable<T><\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5 \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        import java.util.concurrent.Callable;\nimport java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;\nimport java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;\nimport java.util.concurrent.Executors;\nimport java.util.concurrent.Future;\n\nclass MyCallable implements Callable<Integer> {\n    @Override\n    public Integer call() {\n        int sum = 0;\n        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {\n            sum += i;\n        }\n        return sum;\n    }\n}\n\npublic class CallableExample {\n    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {\n        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();\n        Future<Integer> future = executor.submit(new MyCallable());\n\n        System.out.println(\"\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c: \" + future.get()); \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\n        executor.shutdown();\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        3. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e94\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. New\uff08\u65b0\u5efa\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u8c03\u7528 Thread t = new Thread();<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. Runnable\uff08\u5c31\u7eea\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u8c03\u7528 t.start();<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. Blocked\uff08\u963b\u585e\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        4. Waiting\uff08\u7b49\u5f85\uff09<\/strong>\uff1await()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        5. Terminated\uff08\u7ec8\u6b62\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u6216\u88ab\u7ec8\u6b62<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          4. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u64cd\u4f5c \u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong> \u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f \u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89<\/strong>\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 \u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          4.1 synchronized \u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          sychronized<\/code> \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong> \u6216 \u4ee3\u7801\u5757<\/strong>\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          class Counter {\n    private int count = 0;\n\n    public synchronized void increment() {\n        count++;\n    }\n\n    public int getCount() {\n        return count;\n    }\n}\n\npublic class SyncExample {\n    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {\n        Counter counter = new Counter();\n\n        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> { for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) counter.increment(); });\n        Thread t2 = new Thread(() -> { for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) counter.increment(); });\n\n        t1.start();\n        t2.start();\n        t1.join();\n        t2.join();\n\n        System.out.println(\"\u6700\u7ec8\u8ba1\u6570: \" + counter.getCount());\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          5. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\uff08Executor \u6846\u67b6\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          Java \u63d0\u4f9b ExecutorService<\/code> \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          5.1 \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;\nimport java.util.concurrent.Executors;\n\npublic class ThreadPoolExample {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);\n\n        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {\n            executor.execute(() -> {\n                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + \" \u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\");\n            });\n        }\n\n        executor.shutdown();\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u5e38\u89c1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • Executors.newFixedThreadPool(n)<\/code> \u2014\u2014 \u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Executors.newCachedThreadPool()<\/code> \u2014\u2014 \u52a8\u6001\u589e\u957f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor()<\/code> \u2014\u2014 \u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(n)<\/code> \u2014\u2014 \u53ef\u8c03\u5ea6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\uff08\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            6. \u5e76\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u7c7b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            Java \u63d0\u4f9b java.util.concurrent<\/code><\/strong> \u5305\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            1. CountDownLatch<\/strong> \u2014\u2014 \u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u7b49\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. CyclicBarrier<\/strong> \u2014\u2014 \u8ba9\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b \u540c\u6b65<\/strong> \u7b49\u5f85<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            3. Semaphore<\/strong> \u2014\u2014 \u9650\u5236\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\uff08\u5982\u9650\u6d41\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            4. ReentrantLock<\/strong> \u2014\u2014 \u4ee3\u66ff synchronized<\/code>\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u9501\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
              \u793a\u4f8b\uff1aCountDownLatch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
              import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;\n\npublic class CountDownLatchExample {\n    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {\n        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(3);\n\n        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {\n            new Thread(() -> {\n                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + \" \u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\");\n                latch.countDown();\n            }).start();\n        }\n\n        latch.await();\n        System.out.println(\"\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff01\");\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n
              7. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \u6280\u672f<\/th>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th>\u7279\u70b9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
              Thread \u7c7b<\/strong><\/td>\u7b80\u5355\u4efb\u52a1<\/td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u9879\u76ee<\/td><\/tr>
              Runnable \u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/td>\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u7ee7\u627f<\/td>\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><\/tr>
              Callable \u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/td>\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1<\/td><\/tr>
              \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/strong><\/td>\u5927\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u521b\u5efa\u9500\u6bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td><\/tr>
              \u5e76\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u7c7b<\/strong><\/td>\u590d\u6742\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td>\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u63a7\u5236<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
              \u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
              Java \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f Java \u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002Java \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f0f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-java"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2276"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2276\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2277,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2276\/revisions\/2277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}