{"id":2397,"date":"2025-03-05T22:57:28","date_gmt":"2025-03-05T14:57:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2397"},"modified":"2025-03-05T22:57:28","modified_gmt":"2025-03-05T14:57:28","slug":"sqlite-c-c%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/05\/sqlite-c-c%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"SQLite – C\/C++\uff08\u4e8c\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

SQLite \u5728 C\/C++ \u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684 API\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u652f\u6301\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u3001\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u67e5\u8be2\u3001BLOB \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3001\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\u7b49\u8fdb\u9636\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. SQLite C API \u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

SQLite \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b API \u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

API<\/th>\u4f5c\u7528<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
sqlite3_open()<\/code><\/td>\u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_close()<\/code><\/td>\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_exec()<\/code><\/td>\u6267\u884c SQL \u8bed\u53e5<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_prepare_v2()<\/code><\/td>\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1 SQL \u8bed\u53e5<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_step()<\/code><\/td>\u6267\u884c\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1 SQL \u8bed\u53e5<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_finalize()<\/code><\/td>\u91ca\u653e SQL \u8bed\u53e5\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_errmsg()<\/code><\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_bind_*()<\/code><\/td>\u7ed1\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\u5230 SQL \u8bed\u53e5<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_column_*()<\/code><\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_begin_transaction()<\/code><\/td>\u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_commit()<\/code><\/td>\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1<\/td><\/tr>
sqlite3_rollback()<\/code><\/td>\u56de\u6eda\u4e8b\u52a1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

2. \u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1 (BEGIN, COMMIT, ROLLBACK)<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

SQLite \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f \u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong> \u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
#include <stdio.h>\n#include <sqlite3.h>\n\nint main() {\n    sqlite3 *db;\n    char *errMsg = 0;\n    int rc;\n\n    \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\n    rc = sqlite3_open(\"test.db\", &db);\n    if (rc) {\n        printf(\"\u65e0\u6cd5\u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93: %s\\n\", sqlite3_errmsg(db));\n        return 1;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1\n    sqlite3_exec(db, \"BEGIN TRANSACTION;\", NULL, NULL, &errMsg);\n\n    \/\/ \u63d2\u5165\u591a\u6761\u6570\u636e\n    const char *sql = \"INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('Charlie');\"\n                      \"INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('David');\";\n    rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, 0, 0, &errMsg);\n\n    if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {\n        printf(\"\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5931\u8d25: %s\\n\", errMsg);\n        sqlite3_exec(db, \"ROLLBACK;\", NULL, NULL, NULL);  \/\/ \u4e8b\u52a1\u56de\u6eda\n        sqlite3_free(errMsg);\n    } else {\n        sqlite3_exec(db, \"COMMIT;\", NULL, NULL, NULL);  \/\/ \u4e8b\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4\n        printf(\"\u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u6210\u529f\uff01\\n\");\n    }\n\n    sqlite3_close(db);\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u597d\u5904<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u95f4\u67d0\u4e2a SQL \u8bed\u53e5\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\uff08\u56de\u6eda\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u5185\u6279\u91cf\u6267\u884c SQL \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6bd4\u9010\u6761\u6267\u884c\u5feb\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    3. \u9884\u7f16\u8bd1 SQL \u67e5\u8be2\uff08sqlite3_prepare_v2\uff09<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
    \u4f7f\u7528 sqlite3_exec()<\/code> \u6267\u884c SQL \u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u89e3\u6790 SQL \u8bed\u53e5\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 sqlite3_prepare_v2()<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528 sqlite3_step()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 sqlite3_prepare_v2()<\/code> \u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    #include <stdio.h>\n#include <sqlite3.h>\n\nint main() {\n    sqlite3 *db;\n    sqlite3_stmt *stmt;\n    int rc;\n\n    \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\n    rc = sqlite3_open(\"test.db\", &db);\n    if (rc) {\n        printf(\"\u65e0\u6cd5\u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93: %s\\n\", sqlite3_errmsg(db));\n        return 1;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u9884\u7f16\u8bd1 SQL \u8bed\u53e5\n    const char *sql = \"SELECT id, name FROM users WHERE name = ?;\";\n    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &stmt, NULL);\n\n    if (rc != SQLITE_OK) {\n        printf(\"SQL \u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u5931\u8d25: %s\\n\", sqlite3_errmsg(db));\n        return 1;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570 (\u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165)\n    sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 1, \"Alice\", -1, SQLITE_STATIC);\n\n    \/\/ \u9010\u884c\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\n    while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW) {\n        int id = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 0);\n        const unsigned char *name = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);\n        printf(\"ID: %d, Name: %s\\n\", id, name);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\n    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);\n    sqlite3_close(db);\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    sqlite3_bind_text()<\/code> \u4f5c\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\uff08SQL \u8bed\u53e5\u53ea\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u6b21\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      4. \u5904\u7406 BLOB \u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
      SQLite \u652f\u6301\u5b58\u50a8 \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\uff08BLOB\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8 BLOB<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      #include <stdio.h>\n#include <sqlite3.h>\n#include <stdlib.h>\n\nint main() {\n    sqlite3 *db;\n    sqlite3_stmt *stmt;\n    FILE *file;\n    long file_size;\n    unsigned char *buffer;\n\n    \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\n    sqlite3_open(\"test.db\", &db);\n\n    \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u5185\u5b58\n    file = fopen(\"image.jpg\", \"rb\");\n    fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);\n    file_size = ftell(file);\n    rewind(file);\n    buffer = (unsigned char *)malloc(file_size);\n    fread(buffer, file_size, 1, file);\n    fclose(file);\n\n    \/\/ \u9884\u7f16\u8bd1 SQL \u8bed\u53e5\n    const char *sql = \"INSERT INTO images (data) VALUES (?);\";\n    sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &stmt, NULL);\n    sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, 1, buffer, file_size, SQLITE_STATIC);\n\n    \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5\n    sqlite3_step(stmt);\n\n    \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\n    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);\n    sqlite3_close(db);\n    free(buffer);\n\n    printf(\"BLOB \u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u6210\u529f\uff01\\n\");\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f7f\u7528 sqlite3_bind_blob()<\/code> \u5904\u7406\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u9002\u7528\u4e8e \u56fe\u7247\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\u7b49\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • sqlite3_column_blob()<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6 BLOB \u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        5. \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u652f\u6301<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
        \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cSQLite \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u5199\u5165<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u9700\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u6253\u5f00\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u4f7f\u7528 sqlite3_busy_timeout()<\/code> \u907f\u514d\u6b7b\u9501<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          sqlite3_config(SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD);\nsqlite3_busy_timeout(db, 5000);  \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4 5 \u79d2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          6. \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
          SQLite \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 \u9519\u8bef\u7801<\/strong> \u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          int rc = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, 0, 0, &errMsg);\nif (rc != SQLITE_OK) {\n    printf(\"\u9519\u8bef: %s\\n\", sqlite3_errmsg(db));\n    sqlite3_free(errMsg);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u9519\u8bef\u7801<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
          SQLITE_OK<\/code><\/td>\u6210\u529f<\/td><\/tr>
          SQLITE_ERROR<\/code><\/td>SQL \u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef<\/td><\/tr>
          SQLITE_BUSY<\/code><\/td>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u88ab\u9501\u4f4f<\/td><\/tr>
          SQLITE_LOCKED<\/code><\/td>\u4e8b\u52a1\u9501\u5b9a\u9519\u8bef<\/td><\/tr>
          SQLITE_NOMEM<\/code><\/td>\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3<\/td><\/tr>
          SQLITE_IOERR<\/code><\/td>I\/O \u8bfb\u5199\u9519\u8bef<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • \u4f7f\u7528 \u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong> (BEGIN, COMMIT, ROLLBACK<\/code>) \u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u4f7f\u7528 \u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong> (sqlite3_prepare_v2()<\/code>) \u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u4f7f\u7528 sqlite3_bind_*()<\/code><\/strong> \u7ed1\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u5904\u7406 BLOB \u6570\u636e<\/strong> (sqlite3_bind_blob()<\/code>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u5f0f\u9700\u8981 \u914d\u7f6e sqlite3_config()<\/code><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u4f7f\u7528 sqlite3_errmsg()<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
            SQLite \u5728 C\/C++ \u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684 API\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u652f\u6301\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2397","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sqlite"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2397","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2397"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2397\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2398,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2397\/revisions\/2398"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2397"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}