{"id":2437,"date":"2025-03-06T23:24:57","date_gmt":"2025-03-06T15:24:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2437"},"modified":"2025-03-06T23:24:57","modified_gmt":"2025-03-06T15:24:57","slug":"mongodb-%e6%8f%92%e5%85%a5%e6%96%87%e6%a1%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/06\/mongodb-%e6%8f%92%e5%85%a5%e6%96%87%e6%a1%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"MongoDB \u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 MongoDB \u4e2d\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6587\u6863\u662f MongoDB \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 Mongo Shell \u6216\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684 MongoDB \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u4f7f\u7528 Mongo Shell \u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8fde\u63a5\u5230 MongoDB \u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><br>\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e76\u8fde\u63a5\u5230 MongoDB \u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   mongo<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a<\/strong><br>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>use<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   use myDatabase<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\uff1a<\/strong><br>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>db.collection.insertOne()<\/code> \u6216 <code>db.collection.insertMany()<\/code> \u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u63d2\u5165\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528 <code>insertOne()<\/code> \u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u6761\u6587\u6863\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a <code>db.users.insertOne({ name: \"Alice\", age: 25, city: \"New York\" })<\/code> \u8fd9\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b <code>name<\/code>\u3001<code>age<\/code> \u548c <code>city<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6587\u6863\u63d2\u5165\u5230 <code>users<\/code> \u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u63d2\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528 <code>insertMany()<\/code> \u63d2\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br><code>bash db.users.insertMany([ { name: \"Bob\", age: 30, city: \"Los Angeles\" }, { name: \"Charlie\", age: 28, city: \"Chicago\" } ])<\/code><br>\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u63d2\u5165\u5230 <code>users<\/code> \u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6587\u6863\uff1a<\/strong><br>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>find()<\/code> \u67e5\u8be2\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   db.users.find()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4e0a <code>pretty()<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   db.users.find().pretty()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u4f7f\u7528 MongoDB \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684 MongoDB \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f <strong>Node.js<\/strong> \u548c <strong>Python<\/strong> \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Node.js \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 MongoDB Node.js \u9a71\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>npm install mongodb<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>const { MongoClient } = require('mongodb');\n\n\/\/ MongoDB URI\nconst uri = \"mongodb:\/\/localhost:27017\";\n\n\/\/ \u521b\u5efa MongoDB \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\nconst client = new MongoClient(uri);\n\nasync function insertDocument() {\n  try {\n    \/\/ \u8fde\u63a5\u5230 MongoDB\n    await client.connect();\n    console.log(\"\u6210\u529f\u8fde\u63a5\u5230 MongoDB\");\n\n    \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\n    const db = client.db(\"myDatabase\");\n\n    \/\/ \u63d2\u5165\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\n    const result = await db.collection(\"users\").insertOne({ name: \"Alice\", age: 25, city: \"New York\" });\n    console.log(\"\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6587\u6863 ID:\", result.insertedId);\n\n    \/\/ \u63d2\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\n    const resultMany = await db.collection(\"users\").insertMany(&#91;\n      { name: \"Bob\", age: 30, city: \"Los Angeles\" },\n      { name: \"Charlie\", age: 28, city: \"Chicago\" }\n    ]);\n    console.log(\"\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6587\u6863 IDs:\", resultMany.insertedIds);\n\n  } finally {\n    await client.close();\n  }\n}\n\ninsertDocument().catch(console.error);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Python \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 <code>pymongo<\/code> \u9a71\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pip install pymongo<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from pymongo import MongoClient\n\n# MongoDB URI\nuri = \"mongodb:\/\/localhost:27017\"\n\n# \u521b\u5efa MongoDB \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\nclient = MongoClient(uri)\n\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\ndb = client&#91;\"myDatabase\"]\n\n# \u63d2\u5165\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\nresult = db&#91;\"users\"].insert_one({ \"name\": \"Alice\", \"age\": 25, \"city\": \"New York\" })\nprint(\"\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6587\u6863 ID:\", result.inserted_id)\n\n# \u63d2\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\nresult_many = db&#91;\"users\"].insert_many(&#91;\n    { \"name\": \"Bob\", \"age\": 30, \"city\": \"Los Angeles\" },\n    { \"name\": \"Charlie\", \"age\": 28, \"city\": \"Chicago\" }\n])\nprint(\"\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6587\u6863 IDs:\", result_many.inserted_ids)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u65f6\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MongoDB \u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>writeConcern<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5199\u5165\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u6863\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5199\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code>ordered<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a<code>insertMany()<\/code> \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e <code>ordered<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u4e3a <code>false<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5373\u4f7f\u63d2\u5165\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u6863\u5931\u8d25\uff0cMongoDB \u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u63d2\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><code>insertMany()<\/code> \u793a\u4f8b\uff08\u5e26 <code>ordered<\/code> \u9009\u9879\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>db.users.insertMany(&#91;\n  { name: \"John\", age: 35, city: \"San Francisco\" },\n  { name: \"Eva\", age: 22, city: \"Boston\" }\n], { ordered: false })<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u63d2\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u63d2\u5165\u5931\u8d25\uff0cMongoDB \u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u63d2\u5165\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0<\/strong>\uff1a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u7684 JSON \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5 <code>$<\/code> \u6216 <code>.<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6587\u6863 ID<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <code>_id<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0cMongoDB \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684 <code>ObjectId<\/code> \u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 <code>_id<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  db.users.insertOne({ _id: 123, name: \"Alice\", age: 25 })<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>insertMany()<\/code> \u63d2\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u65f6\uff0cMongoDB \u4f1a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6587\u6863\u63d2\u5165\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u63d2\u5165\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e <code>ordered: false<\/code> \u6765\u907f\u514d\u6574\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MongoDB \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u901a\u8fc7 Mongo Shell \u548c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982 Node.js \u548c Python\uff09\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d2\u5165\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u6216\u8005\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\uff0cMongoDB \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u751f\u6210 <code>_id<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49 <code>_id<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u65f6\uff0cMongoDB \u652f\u6301\u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u9879\u63a7\u5236\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728 MongoDB \u4e2d\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6587\u6863\u662f MongoDB \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mongodb"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2437","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2437"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2437\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2438,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2437\/revisions\/2438"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2437"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2437"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2437"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}