{"id":2485,"date":"2025-03-09T09:30:35","date_gmt":"2025-03-09T01:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2485"},"modified":"2025-03-09T13:05:17","modified_gmt":"2025-03-09T05:05:17","slug":"mongodb-%e5%8e%9f%e5%ad%90%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%ef%bc%88atomic-operations%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/09\/mongodb-%e5%8e%9f%e5%ad%90%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%ef%bc%88atomic-operations%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"MongoDB \u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08Atomic Operations\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5728 MongoDB \u4e2d\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff08Atomic Operations\uff09\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u8981\u4e48\u5b8c\u6574\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e72\u6270\u3002MongoDB \u7684\u5355\u6587\u6863\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/strong>\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u6587\u6863\u64cd\u4f5c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u52a1\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1. MongoDB \u5355\u6587\u6863\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

MongoDB \u5bf9\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6216\u63d2\u5165\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u90e8\u5206\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u7ade\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u66f4\u65b0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
db.products.updateOne(\n  { _id: 1 },\n  { $inc: { stock: -1 } } \/\/ \u5e93\u5b58\u51cf\u5c11 1\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5373\u4f7f\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0 _id:1<\/code> \u7684 stock<\/code>\uff0cMongoDB \u4e5f\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5e76\u53d1\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
2. \u66f4\u65b0\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
MongoDB \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u539f\u5b50\u66f4\u65b0\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u4e0d\u8986\u76d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u66f4\u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2460 $inc<\/code>\uff08\u81ea\u589e\/\u81ea\u51cf\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
db.users.updateOne(\n  { username: \"Alice\" },\n  { $inc: { points: 10 } } \/\/ \u589e\u52a0 10 \u79ef\u5206\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u2461 $set<\/code>\uff08\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
db.users.updateOne(\n  { username: \"Alice\" },\n  { $set: { status: \"active\" } } \/\/ \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u2462 $unset<\/code>\uff08\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
db.users.updateOne(\n  { username: \"Alice\" },\n  { $unset: { tempField: \"\" } } \/\/ \u5220\u9664 tempField \u5b57\u6bb5\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u2463 $push<\/code>\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
db.orders.updateOne(\n  { _id: 101 },\n  { $push: { items: \"Keyboard\" } }\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u2464 $pull<\/code>\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
db.orders.updateOne(\n  { _id: 101 },\n  { $pull: { items: \"Mouse\" } }\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
3. FindAndModify \u539f\u5b50\u6027\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
findAndModify<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u6587\u6863<\/strong>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u66f4\u65b0\u524d\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u9012\u589e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
db.counters.findAndModify({\n  query: { _id: \"orderId\" },\n  update: { $inc: { seq: 1 } },\n  new: true\n})<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u5730\u9012\u589e seq<\/code> \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u503c<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u589e ID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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4. \u591a\u6587\u6863\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
MongoDB \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u591a\u6587\u6863\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong>\uff08Transactions\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\u4fdd\u8bc1\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
const session = db.getMongo().startSession();\nsession.startTransaction();\ntry {\n  session.getDatabase(\"test\").collection(\"accounts\").updateOne(\n    { username: \"Alice\" },\n    { $inc: { balance: -100 } }\n  );\n  session.getDatabase(\"test\").collection(\"accounts\").updateOne(\n    { username: \"Bob\" },\n    { $inc: { balance: 100 } }\n  );\n  session.commitTransaction();\n} catch (error) {\n  session.abortTransaction();\n}\nsession.endSession();<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u26a0 \u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e MongoDB 4.0+ \u7684\u526f\u672c\u96c6<\/strong>\uff0cMongoDB 4.2+ \u624d\u652f\u6301\u5206\u7247\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
5. \u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/th>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u81ea\u589e<\/strong><\/td>$inc<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
\u4e50\u89c2\u9501<\/strong><\/td>$set<\/code> + version<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5<\/td><\/tr>
\u8d2d\u7269\u8f66\u66f4\u65b0<\/strong><\/td>$push<\/code> \/ $pull<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
\u5e76\u53d1\u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/td>findAndModify<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
\u591a\u8868\u66f4\u65b0\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong><\/td>\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08Transactions\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • MongoDB \u7684\u5355\u6587\u6863\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u90e8\u5206\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528 $inc<\/code>\u3001$set<\/code>\u3001$push<\/code>\u3001$pull<\/code> \u7b49\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u5730\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • findAndModify<\/code> \u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u67e5\u627e + \u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u591a\u6587\u6863\u66f4\u65b0\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\uff08Transactions\uff09<\/strong>\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u5728 MongoDB \u4e2d\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08Atomic Operations\uff09\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u8981\u4e48\u5b8c\u6574\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8981 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2544,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mongodb"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2485"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2485\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2486,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2485\/revisions\/2486"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}