{"id":2607,"date":"2025-03-11T23:27:15","date_gmt":"2025-03-11T15:27:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2607"},"modified":"2025-03-11T23:27:15","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T15:27:15","slug":"postgresql-insert-into-%e8%af%ad%e5%8f%a5%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/11\/postgresql-insert-into-%e8%af%ad%e5%8f%a5%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL INSERT INTO \u8bed\u53e5\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\uff0cINSERT INTO<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u63d2\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u591a\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u4ece\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e26 RETURNING<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u83b7\u53d6\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. INSERT INTO<\/code> \u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3, ...)\nVALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • table_name<\/code>\uff1a\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8868\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • column1, column2, column3, ...<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5217\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...)<\/code>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    2. \u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    2.1 \u63d2\u5165\u5355\u884c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a employees<\/code> \u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    CREATE TABLE employees (\n    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,\n    name VARCHAR(100),\n    age INT,\n    department VARCHAR(50),\n    salary DECIMAL(10,2)\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u6761\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    INSERT INTO employees (name, age, department, salary)\nVALUES ('Alice', 30, 'HR', 5000.00);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    2.2 \u63d2\u5165\u591a\u884c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    INSERT INTO employees (name, age, department, salary)\nVALUES \n    ('Bob', 25, 'IT', 6000.00),\n    ('Charlie', 35, 'Finance', 7000.00),\n    ('Diana', 40, 'Marketing', 8000.00);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    2.3 \u7701\u7565\u5217\u540d\u63d2\u5165<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u5982\u679c\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u6240\u6709\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6309\u5217\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u6709\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u5217\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    INSERT INTO employees\nVALUES (DEFAULT, 'Eve', 28, 'Sales', 5500.00);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • DEFAULT<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u586b\u5145 SERIAL<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684 id<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      3. \u4ece\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 INSERT INTO ... SELECT<\/code> \u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      INSERT INTO employees (name, age, department, salary)\nSELECT name, age, department, salary FROM old_employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u628a old_employees<\/code> \u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u63d2\u5165 employees<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      4. \u4f7f\u7528 RETURNING<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      PostgreSQL \u5141\u8bb8\u5728 INSERT<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 RETURNING<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      INSERT INTO employees (name, age, department, salary)\nVALUES ('Frank', 32, 'IT', 6500.00)\nRETURNING id, name, department;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u8fd9\u5c06\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u540e\u8fd4\u56de id<\/code>\u3001name<\/code> \u548c department<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      5. \u63d2\u5165\u5e26 DEFAULT<\/code> \u503c\u7684\u5217<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5217\u5728\u8868\u4e2d\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 DEFAULT<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      INSERT INTO employees (name, age, department, salary)\nVALUES ('Grace', 29, DEFAULT, 6000.00);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u679c department<\/code> \u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 'General'<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u8bed\u53e5\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      6. \u63d2\u5165 JSON \u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u679c\u8868\u5305\u542b JSON<\/code> \u6216 JSONB<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      CREATE TABLE products (\n    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,\n    name VARCHAR(100),\n    details JSONB\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u63d2\u5165 JSON \u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      INSERT INTO products (name, details)\nVALUES ('Laptop', '{\"brand\": \"Dell\", \"processor\": \"i7\", \"RAM\": \"16GB\"}');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      7. \u5904\u7406\u51b2\u7a81 (ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING<\/code> \/ ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE<\/code>)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      PostgreSQL \u652f\u6301 ON CONFLICT<\/code> \u5904\u7406\u63d2\u5165\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      INSERT INTO employees (id, name, age, department, salary)\nVALUES (1, 'Henry', 31, 'Finance', 7500.00)\nON CONFLICT (id) DO NOTHING;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u679c id<\/code> 1 \u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      INSERT INTO employees (id, name, age, department, salary)\nVALUES (1, 'Henry', 32, 'Finance', 7700.00)\nON CONFLICT (id) DO UPDATE SET age = EXCLUDED.age, salary = EXCLUDED.salary;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • EXCLUDED.age<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e age<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u4ec5\u5f53 id<\/code> \u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c UPDATE<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        8. \u4e8b\u52a1\u63a7\u5236 (BEGIN<\/code>, COMMIT<\/code>, ROLLBACK<\/code>)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        PostgreSQL \u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        BEGIN;\n\nINSERT INTO employees (name, age, department, salary)\nVALUES ('Ivy', 26, 'Support', 5000.00);\n\n-- \u5982\u679c\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u6eda\nROLLBACK;\n-- \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\nCOMMIT;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • ROLLBACK<\/code> \u64a4\u9500\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • COMMIT<\/code> \u786e\u8ba4\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          9. \u63d2\u5165 COPY<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u5927\u6279\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \u5982\u679c\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0cCOPY<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6bd4 INSERT<\/code> \u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          COPY employees(name, age, department, salary)\nFROM '\/path\/to\/data.csv' DELIMITER ',' CSV HEADER;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u8fd9\u6bd4 INSERT<\/code> \u5feb\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          10. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \u63d2\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th>SQL \u8bed\u6cd5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
          \u5355\u884c\u63d2\u5165<\/strong><\/td>INSERT INTO table (col1, col2) VALUES (val1, val2);<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u591a\u884c\u63d2\u5165<\/strong><\/td>INSERT INTO table (col1, col2) VALUES (val1, val2), (val3, val4);<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u7701\u7565\u5217\u540d\u63d2\u5165<\/strong><\/td>INSERT INTO table VALUES (val1, val2, val3);<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u4ece\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u63d2\u5165<\/strong><\/td>INSERT INTO table SELECT col1, col2 FROM other_table;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/td>INSERT INTO table VALUES (...) RETURNING col1, col2;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u63d2\u5165 JSON \u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/td>INSERT INTO table (json_col) VALUES ('{\"key\": \"value\"}');<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u51b2\u7a81\u5904\u7406\uff08\u5ffd\u7565\u51b2\u7a81\uff09<\/strong><\/td>INSERT INTO table VALUES (...) ON CONFLICT (col) DO NOTHING;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u51b2\u7a81\u5904\u7406\uff08\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff09<\/strong><\/td>INSERT INTO table VALUES (...) ON CONFLICT (col) DO UPDATE SET col = value;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u4e8b\u52a1\u63a7\u5236<\/strong><\/td>BEGIN; INSERT ...; COMMIT;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u6279\u91cf\u5bfc\u5165<\/strong><\/td>COPY table FROM 'file.csv' DELIMITER ',' CSV HEADER;<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          11. \u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • INSERT INTO<\/code> \u662f PostgreSQL \u7528\u4e8e\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5355\u884c\u3001\u591a\u884c\u548c\u4ece\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u63d2\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u901a\u8fc7 RETURNING<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • ON CONFLICT<\/code> \u5904\u7406\u63d2\u5165\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3b\u952e\u6216\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0cCOPY<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6bd4 INSERT<\/code> \u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684 INSERT INTO<\/code> \u9700\u6c42\u6216\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ea4\u6d41\uff01\ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
            \u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\uff0cINSERT INTO \u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u63d2\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u884c\u63d2\u5165 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2608,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-postgresql"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2607"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2607\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2609,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2607\/revisions\/2609"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}