{"id":2631,"date":"2025-03-11T23:42:59","date_gmt":"2025-03-11T15:42:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2631"},"modified":"2025-03-11T23:50:04","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T15:50:04","slug":"postgresql-%e7%9a%84-like-%e5%ad%90%e5%8f%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/11\/postgresql-%e7%9a%84-like-%e5%ad%90%e5%8f%a5\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL \u7684\u00a0LIKE\u00a0\u5b50\u53e5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

LIKE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. LIKE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

LIKE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e WHERE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u627e\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SELECT column_name\nFROM table_name\nWHERE column_name LIKE 'pattern';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • column_name<\/strong>: \u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5217\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pattern<\/strong>: \u5339\u914d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    2. LIKE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    LIKE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    2.1. \u767e\u5206\u53f7 (%<\/code>)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • %<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u7528\u6cd5\uff1a'pattern%'<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u4ee5 pattern<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c'%pattern%'<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u5305\u542b pattern<\/code> \u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c'%pattern'<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u4ee5 pattern<\/code> \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      -- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 'A' \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE 'A%';\n\n-- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b 'an' \u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE '%an%';\n\n-- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 'n' \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE '%n';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      2.2. \u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf (_<\/code>)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • _<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        -- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u662f 'a' \u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE '_a%';\n\n-- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 'a' \u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4e14\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u662f 'b' \u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE '_ab%';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        3. \u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\uff0cLIKE<\/code> \u662f\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/strong>\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cLIKE 'A%'<\/code> \u548c LIKE 'a%'<\/code> \u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        -- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd 'A' \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE 'A%';\n\n-- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd 'a' \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE 'a%';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        4. \u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 ILIKE<\/code><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 ILIKE<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f PostgreSQL \u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5339\u914d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        -- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 'a' \u6216 'A' \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\uff09\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name ILIKE 'a%';\n\n-- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b 'AN' \u6216 'an' \u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\uff09\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name ILIKE '%an%';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        5. \u4f7f\u7528 NOT LIKE<\/code> \u6392\u9664\u5339\u914d\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \u6709\u65f6\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u6392\u9664\u7b26\u5408\u67d0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 NOT LIKE<\/code> \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        -- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5 'A' \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name NOT LIKE 'A%';\n\n-- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u5305\u542b 'an' \u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name NOT LIKE '%an%';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        6. \u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        -- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 'J' \u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709 3 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE 'J__';\n\n-- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u662f 'a' \u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE '__a%';\n\n-- \u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 'A' \u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5305\u542b 'an' \u7684\u540d\u5b57\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE name LIKE 'A%an%';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        7. LIKE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8003\u8651<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u4f7f\u7528 LIKE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 %<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\u65f6\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f83\u6162\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u5982\u679c\u6027\u80fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u521b\u5efa\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528 \u5168\u6587\u641c\u7d22<\/strong>\uff08Full Text Search\uff09\u6280\u672f\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          8. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • LIKE<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528 %<\/code> \u548c _<\/code> \u901a\u914d\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • %<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c_<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cLIKE<\/code> \u662f\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 ILIKE<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 NOT LIKE<\/code> \u6765\u6392\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u5728\u4f7f\u7528 LIKE<\/code> \u65f6\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 %<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1 LIKE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
            LIKE \u5b50\u53e5\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2632,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-postgresql"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2631"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2631\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2643,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2631\/revisions\/2643"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}