{"id":2714,"date":"2025-03-14T21:49:08","date_gmt":"2025-03-14T13:49:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2714"},"modified":"2025-03-14T21:49:08","modified_gmt":"2025-03-14T13:49:08","slug":"python-3-%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/14\/python-3-%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"Python 3 \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Python 3 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u6620\u5c04\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f Python 3 \u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. \u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\uff08Numeric Types\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Python 3 \u652f\u6301 \u6574\u6570\uff08int\uff09<\/strong>\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff08float\uff09<\/strong> \u548c \u590d\u6570\uff08complex\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u6574\u6570\uff08int\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u8868\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u5c0f\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6b63\u6570\u3001\u8d1f\u6570\u6216\u96f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a = 10   # \u6b63\u6574\u6570\nb = -5   # \u8d1f\u6574\u6570\nc = 0    # \u96f6\nprint(type(a))  # <class 'int'><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Python 3 \u7684\u6574\u6570\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7cbe\u5ea6<\/strong>\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7 32 \u4f4d\u6216 64 \u4f4d\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
big_num = 99999999999999999999999999999999999999\nprint(big_num)  # Python \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u6574\u6574\u6570\u5927\u5c0f<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1.2 \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff08float\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5e26\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
x = 3.14\ny = -2.71\nz = 1.0  # \u4e5f\u662f float \u7c7b\u578b\nprint(type(x))  # <class 'float'><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Python \u4e5f\u652f\u6301 \u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sci_num = 1.23e4  # \u7b49\u540c\u4e8e 12300.0\nprint(sci_num)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1.3 \u590d\u6570\uff08complex\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Python 3 \u5185\u7f6e\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 j<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u865a\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
z = 3 + 4j\nprint(z.real)  # \u5b9e\u90e8 3.0\nprint(z.imag)  # \u865a\u90e8 4.0\nprint(type(z))  # <class 'complex'><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1.4 \u6570\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
a, b = 10, 3\nprint(a + b)   # \u52a0\u6cd5 13\nprint(a - b)   # \u51cf\u6cd5 7\nprint(a * b)   # \u4e58\u6cd5 30\nprint(a \/ b)   # \u9664\u6cd5 3.3333\nprint(a \/\/ b)  # \u6574\u9664 3\nprint(a % b)   # \u53d6\u6a21 1\nprint(a ** b)  # \u5e42\u8fd0\u7b97 1000<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
2. \u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b\uff08Boolean\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Python \u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u503c\uff1aTrue<\/code> \u548c False<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f int<\/code> \u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
print(True + 1)  # 2\nprint(False + 1)  # 1\nprint(type(True))  # <class 'bool'><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
if True:\n    print(\"\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
3. \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08String\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
3.1 \u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 \u5355\u5f15\u53f7<\/strong> \u6216 \u53cc\u5f15\u53f7<\/strong> \u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
s1 = 'Hello'\ns2 = \"Python\"\nprint(s1, s2)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f7f\u7528 '''<\/code> \u6216 \"\"\"<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
multi_line = \"\"\"\u8fd9\u662f\n\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\"\"\"\nprint(multi_line)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.2 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
s = \"Hello\"\nprint(s[0])  # \u8bbf\u95ee\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26 'H'\nprint(s[-1])  # \u8bbf\u95ee\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26 'o'\nprint(s[1:4])  # \u5b57\u7b26\u5207\u7247 'ell'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.3 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
s = \"hello python\"\nprint(s.upper())  # \u8f6c\u5927\u5199 HELLO PYTHON\nprint(s.lower())  # \u8f6c\u5c0f\u5199 hello python\nprint(s.title())  # \u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u5927\u5199 Hello Python\nprint(s.replace(\"python\", \"world\"))  # \u66ff\u6362\nprint(s.split())  # \u62c6\u5206 ['hello', 'python']<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
4. \u5217\u8868\uff08List\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u5217\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u5e8f<\/strong>\u3001\u53ef\u53d8<\/strong>\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
fruits = [\"\u82f9\u679c\", \"\u9999\u8549\", \"\u6a59\u5b50\"]\nprint(fruits[0])  # \u8bbf\u95ee\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 '\u82f9\u679c'\nfruits.append(\"\u8461\u8404\")  # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\nfruits.remove(\"\u9999\u8549\")  # \u79fb\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nprint(len(fruits))  # \u83b7\u53d6\u957f\u5ea6<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5217\u8868\u5207\u7247\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\nprint(numbers[1:4])  # [2, 3, 4]\nprint(numbers[::-1])  # \u53cd\u8f6c\u5217\u8868 [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
5. \u5143\u7ec4\uff08Tuple\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u5143\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
coordinates = (10, 20)\nprint(coordinates[0])  # \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20 10<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u679c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
coordinates[0] = 30  # \u274c TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
6. \u5b57\u5178\uff08Dictionary\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff08key-value\uff09<\/strong>\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u952e\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u552f\u4e00<\/strong>\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
person = {\"name\": \"Alice\", \"age\": 25}\nprint(person[\"name\"])  # \u8bbf\u95ee\u952e 'Alice'\nperson[\"city\"] = \"\u5317\u4eac\"  # \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nprint(person.keys())  # \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\nprint(person.values())  # \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
7. \u96c6\u5408\uff08Set\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u96c6\u5408\u662f\u65e0\u5e8f<\/strong>\u4e14\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d<\/strong>\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
numbers = {1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 1}\nprint(numbers)  # {1, 2, 3}\nnumbers.add(4)  # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\nnumbers.remove(2)  # \u79fb\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nprint(numbers)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u96c6\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a = {1, 2, 3}\nb = {3, 4, 5}\nprint(a | b)  # \u5e76\u96c6 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}\nprint(a & b)  # \u4ea4\u96c6 {3}\nprint(a - b)  # \u5dee\u96c6 {1, 2}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
8. None \u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
None<\/code> \u4ee3\u8868 \u7a7a\u503c<\/strong>\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u503c\u201d\u6216\u201c\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
x = None\nprint(x)  # None\nprint(type(x))  # <class 'NoneType'><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
9. \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
print(int(\"10\"))  # \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6574\u6570 10\nprint(float(\"3.14\"))  # \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 3.14\nprint(str(100))  # \u6574\u6570\u8f6c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 '100'\nprint(list(\"abc\"))  # \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u5217\u8868 ['a', 'b', 'c']\nprint(tuple([1, 2, 3]))  # \u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u5143\u7ec4 (1, 2, 3)\nprint(set([1, 2, 2, 3]))  # \u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u96c6\u5408 {1, 2, 3}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
int<\/td>\u6574\u6570<\/td><\/tr>
float<\/td>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570<\/td><\/tr>
complex<\/td>\u590d\u6570<\/td><\/tr>
bool<\/td>\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/td><\/tr>
str<\/td>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td><\/tr>
list<\/td>\u53ef\u53d8\u5217\u8868<\/td><\/tr>
tuple<\/td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5143\u7ec4<\/td><\/tr>
dict<\/td>\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178<\/td><\/tr>
set<\/td>\u65e0\u5e8f\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u96c6\u5408<\/td><\/tr>
None<\/td>\u7a7a\u503c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Python 3 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u6620\u5c04\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f Python 3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2715,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python-3-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2714"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2716,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2714\/revisions\/2716"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2715"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}