{"id":2781,"date":"2025-03-14T23:02:31","date_gmt":"2025-03-14T15:02:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2781"},"modified":"2025-03-14T23:02:31","modified_gmt":"2025-03-14T15:02:31","slug":"python3-file%ef%bc%88%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%ef%bc%89%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/14\/python3-file%ef%bc%88%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%ef%bc%89%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"Python3 File\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7f6e\u7684 open()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u662f Python3 \u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. open()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

open()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
file = open(\"file_path\", \"mode\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • file_path<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • mode<\/code>\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 'r'<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u8bfb\u53d6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \u5e38\u89c1\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • 'r'<\/code>\uff1a\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 'w'<\/code>\uff1a\u5199\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 'a'<\/code>\uff1a\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u5728\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 'b'<\/code>\uff1a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982 'rb'<\/code> \u6216 'wb'<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 'x'<\/code>\uff1a\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 't'<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 'rt'<\/code>\u3001'wt'<\/code>\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7701\u7565\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      # \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u5199\u5165\uff08\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff09\nfile = open(\"example.txt\", \"w\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      2. read()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      read()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6307\u5b9a\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      content = file.read(size=-1)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • size<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u6216\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a -1<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        file = open(\"example.txt\", \"r\")\ncontent = file.read()  # \u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\nprint(content)\nfile.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        3. readline()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        readline()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528 readline()<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        line = file.readline()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        file = open(\"example.txt\", \"r\")\nline = file.readline()  # \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\nprint(line)\nfile.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        file = open(\"example.txt\", \"r\")\nfor line in file:\n    print(line.strip())  # strip() \u7528\u4e8e\u53bb\u9664\u884c\u672b\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\nfile.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        4. readlines()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        readlines()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5bf9\u5e94\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        lines = file.readlines()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        file = open(\"example.txt\", \"r\")\nlines = file.readlines()  # \u8bfb\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u884c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\nprint(lines)\nfile.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        5. write()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        write()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5 'w'<\/code> \u6216 'a'<\/code> \u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u8c03\u7528 write()<\/code> \u4f1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        file.write(string)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        file = open(\"example.txt\", \"w\")\nfile.write(\"Hello, World!\")  # \u5199\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\nfile.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        6. writelines()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        writelines()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u5982\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5143\u7ec4\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        file.writelines(sequence)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        lines = [\"Hello, World!\\n\", \"Welcome to Python!\\n\"]\nfile = open(\"example.txt\", \"w\")\nfile.writelines(lines)  # \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\nfile.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        7. seek()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        seek()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5b83\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0e tell()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        file.seek(offset, whence=0)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • offset<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • whence<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u503c\u6709\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • 0<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u7b97\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • 1<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • 2<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          file = open(\"example.txt\", \"r\")\nfile.seek(0)  # \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\ncontent = file.read()\nprint(content)\nfile.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          8. tell()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          tell()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          position = file.tell()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          file = open(\"example.txt\", \"r\")\nprint(file.tell())  # \u8f93\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\nfile.read(10)       # \u8bfb\u53d6\u524d 10 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\nprint(file.tell())  # \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\nfile.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          9. flush()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          flush()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u5199\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0cflush()<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7b49\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          file.flush()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          file = open(\"example.txt\", \"w\")\nfile.write(\"Hello, World!\")\nfile.flush()  # \u5f3a\u5236\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\nfile.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          10. close()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          close()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          file.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          file = open(\"example.txt\", \"r\")\ncontent = file.read()\nfile.close()  # \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          11. \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 with<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002with<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          with open(\"example.txt\", \"r\") as file:\n    content = file.read()\n    print(content)\n# \u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528 file.close()\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684 read()<\/code>, readline()<\/code>, write()<\/code>, writelines()<\/code> \u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u7ba1\u7406\u7684 seek()<\/code> \u548c tell()<\/code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u673a\u5236 with<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2782,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2781","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python-3-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2781","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2781"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2781\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2783,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2781\/revisions\/2783"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2782"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2781"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2781"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2781"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}