{"id":2805,"date":"2025-03-15T19:59:17","date_gmt":"2025-03-15T11:59:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2805"},"modified":"2025-03-15T19:59:17","modified_gmt":"2025-03-15T11:59:17","slug":"python-mysql-mysql-connector-%e9%a9%b1%e5%8a%a8%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/15\/python-mysql-mysql-connector-%e9%a9%b1%e5%8a%a8%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"Python MySQL – mysql-connector \u9a71\u52a8\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0cmysql-connector-python<\/code> \u662f MySQL \u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728 Python \u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4e0e MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002
\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u5c06 \u4ece\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5230\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528<\/strong> \u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u5e26\u4f60\u638c\u63e1 mysql-connector-python<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. \u5b89\u88c5 mysql-connector-python<\/code><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 mysql-connector-python<\/code> \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

pip install mysql-connector-python<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528 conda<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
conda install -c conda-forge mysql-connector-python<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • pip install<\/code> \u662f Python \u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5 MySQL \u8fde\u63a5\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • conda install<\/code> \u9002\u7528\u4e8e Anaconda \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    2. \u8fde\u63a5 MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    2.1 \u57fa\u672c\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    import mysql.connector\n\nconn = mysql.connector.connect(\n    host=\"localhost\",\n    user=\"root\",\n    password=\"123456\",\n    database=\"test_db\"\n)\n\nprint(\"\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\uff01\")\n\nconn.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • mysql.connector.connect()<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • host=\"localhost\"<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u8fde\u63a5\u672c\u673a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u8fdc\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u586b\u5199 IP\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • user<\/code> \u548c password<\/code> \u9700\u8981\u4e0e MySQL \u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • database=\"test_db\"<\/code> \u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      3. \u6267\u884c SQL \u8bed\u53e5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u5728 mysql-connector-python<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 \u6e38\u6807\uff08cursor\uff09<\/strong> \u6765\u6267\u884c SQL \u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      3.1 \u521b\u5efa\u6e38\u6807<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      cursor = conn.cursor()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong>
      \u6e38\u6807 cursor<\/code> \u662f Python \u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c SQL \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u6267\u884c SELECT<\/code> \u67e5\u8be2\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u6267\u884c INSERT\/UPDATE\/DELETE<\/code> \u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        3.2 \u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        cursor.execute(\"CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS test_db\")\nprint(\"\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f\uff01\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • CREATE DATABASE<\/code> \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0cIF NOT EXISTS<\/code> \u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          3.3 \u521b\u5efa\u8868<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          cursor.execute(\"\"\"\n    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (\n        id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,\n        name VARCHAR(100),\n        age INT\n    )\n\"\"\")\nprint(\"\u8868\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f\uff01\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • AUTO_INCREMENT<\/code> \u81ea\u52a8\u9012\u589e\u4e3b\u952e id<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • PRIMARY KEY<\/code> \u8bbe\u5b9a id<\/code> \u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            3.4 \u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            sql = \"INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES (%s, %s)\"\ndata = (\"\u5f20\u4e09\", 25)\ncursor.execute(sql, data)\nconn.commit()\nprint(\"\u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u6210\u529f\uff01\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • (%s, %s)<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a \u5360\u4f4d\u7b26<\/strong>\uff0c\u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • execute(sql, data)<\/code> \u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u6267\u884c SQL \u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • conn.commit()<\/code> \u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n
              3.5 \u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              sql = \"SELECT * FROM users\"\ncursor.execute(sql)\n\nfor row in cursor.fetchall():\n    print(row)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • execute(\"SELECT * FROM users\")<\/code> \u8fd0\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • fetchall()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de \u5217\u8868<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \n\n\n\n
                3.6 \u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                sql = \"UPDATE users SET age = %s WHERE name = %s\"\ncursor.execute(sql, (30, \"\u5f20\u4e09\"))\nconn.commit()\nprint(\"\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u6210\u529f\uff01\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • UPDATE users SET age = 30 WHERE name = '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/code> \u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  \n\n\n\n
                  3.7 \u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                  sql = \"DELETE FROM users WHERE name = %s\"\ncursor.execute(sql, (\"\u5f20\u4e09\",))\nconn.commit()\nprint(\"\u6570\u636e\u5220\u9664\u6210\u529f\uff01\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                  \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • DELETE FROM users WHERE name = '\u5f20\u4e09'<\/code> \u5220\u9664\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    \n\n\n\n
                    4. \u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                    \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cMySQL \u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u6267\u884c SQL \u540e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\uff08\u9664\u975e autocommit=True<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u63a7\u5236 \u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    4.1 \u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                    conn.start_transaction()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                    4.2 \u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                    conn.commit()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                    4.3 \u56de\u6eda\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                    conn.rollback()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                    4.4 \u4e8b\u52a1\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                    try:\n    conn.start_transaction()\n    cursor.execute(\"INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES (%s, %s)\", (\"\u674e\u56db\", 28))\n    cursor.execute(\"UPDATE users SET age = 35 WHERE name = '\u738b\u4e94'\")\n    conn.commit()\n    print(\"\u4e8b\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4\u6210\u529f\uff01\")\nexcept:\n    conn.rollback()\n    print(\"\u4e8b\u52a1\u56de\u6eda\uff01\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                    \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    • start_transaction()<\/code> \u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • commit()<\/code> \u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6240\u6709 SQL \u8bed\u53e5\u6210\u529f\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • rollback()<\/code> \u9047\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u64a4\u9500\u6240\u6709\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                      \n\n\n\n
                      5. \u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                      5.1 \u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      python\u590d\u5236\u7f16\u8f91sql = \"INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES (%s, %s)\"\ndata = [(\"\u5c0f\u660e\", 20), (\"\u5c0f\u7ea2\", 22), (\"\u5c0f\u5f20\", 24)]\ncursor.executemany(sql, data)\nconn.commit()\nprint(\"\u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165\u6210\u529f\uff01\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      5.2 \u6279\u91cf\u5220\u9664<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      python\u590d\u5236\u7f16\u8f91sql = \"DELETE FROM users WHERE name = %s\"\ndata = [(\"\u5c0f\u660e\",), (\"\u5c0f\u7ea2\",)]\ncursor.executemany(sql, data)\nconn.commit()\nprint(\"\u6279\u91cf\u5220\u9664\u6210\u529f\uff01\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      \n\n\n\n
                      6. \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                      python\u590d\u5236\u7f16\u8f91import mysql.connector\n\ntry:\n    conn = mysql.connector.connect(\n        host=\"localhost\",\n        user=\"root\",\n        password=\"wrong_password\",\n        database=\"test_db\"\n    )\nexcept mysql.connector.Error as err:\n    print(\"\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\", err)\nfinally:\n    if conn.is_connected():\n        conn.close()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      \n\n\n\n
                      7. \u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                      \u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 SQL \u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      7.1 \u521b\u5efa\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      DELIMITER \/\/\nCREATE PROCEDURE GetAllUsers()\nBEGIN\n    SELECT * FROM users;\nEND \/\/\nDELIMITER ;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      7.2 Python \u8c03\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      cursor.callproc(\"GetAllUsers\")\n\nfor result in cursor.stored_results():\n    print(result.fetchall())<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                      • callproc(\"\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u540d\")<\/code> \u8c03\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                        \n\n\n\n
                        8. \u89e6\u53d1\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                        8.1 \u521b\u5efa\u89e6\u53d1\u5668<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                        sql\u590d\u5236\u7f16\u8f91DELIMITER \/\/\nCREATE TRIGGER before_insert_users\nBEFORE INSERT ON users\nFOR EACH ROW\nBEGIN\n    SET NEW.name = UPPER(NEW.name);\nEND \/\/\nDELIMITER ;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        8.2 Python \u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                        python\u590d\u5236\u7f16\u8f91cursor.execute(\"INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES ('zhangsan', 25)\")\nconn.commit()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \uff08\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e zhangsan<\/code> \u4f1a\u53d8\u4e3a ZHANGSAN<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        \n\n\n\n
                        9. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                        9.1 \u4f7f\u7528 buffered=True<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                        cursor = conn.cursor(buffered=True)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                          \n
                        • \u907f\u514d Unread result found<\/code> \u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                          9.2 \u5f00\u542f autocommit<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                          conn.autocommit = True<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                          \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            \n
                          • \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11 commit()<\/code> \u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                            9.3 \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                            CREATE INDEX idx_name ON users(name);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              \n
                            • \u7d22\u5f15\u52a0\u901f\u67e5\u8be2 WHERE name='xxx'<\/code> \u7684\u5339\u914d\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                              \n\n\n\n
                              10. \u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                              mysql-connector-python<\/code> \u652f\u6301 \u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/strong>\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u9891\u7e41\u521b\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              from mysql.connector import pooling\n\npool = pooling.MySQLConnectionPool(\n    pool_name=\"mypool\",\n    pool_size=5,\n    host=\"localhost\",\n    user=\"root\",\n    password=\"123456\",\n    database=\"test_db\"\n)\n\nconn = pool.get_connection()\nprint(\"\u4ece\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u83b7\u53d6\u8fde\u63a5\uff01\")\nconn.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                              \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                \n
                              • pool_size=5<\/code> \u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa 5 \u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                \n\n\n\n
                                11. \u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                                cursor.close()\nconn.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                \u2705 \u89e3\u8bf4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                  \n
                                • \u5fc5\u987b\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong>\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                  \n\n\n\n
                                  \u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                                  \u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0cmysql-connector-python \u662f MySQL \u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2806,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2805","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python-3-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2805","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2805"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2805\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2807,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2805\/revisions\/2807"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2805"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2805"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}