{"id":2884,"date":"2025-03-16T12:52:30","date_gmt":"2025-03-16T04:52:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=2884"},"modified":"2025-03-16T12:52:30","modified_gmt":"2025-03-16T04:52:30","slug":"python3-%e6%97%a5%e6%9c%9f%e5%92%8c%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/16\/python3-%e6%97%a5%e6%9c%9f%e5%92%8c%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4\/","title":{"rendered":"Python3\u00a0\u00a0\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5728 Python3 \u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5904\u7406\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 datetime<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5bfc\u5165 datetime<\/code> \u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
import datetime<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
2.1 \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u5305\u542b\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 datetime.now()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
import datetime\n\ncurrent_datetime = datetime.datetime.now()\nprint(current_datetime)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2025-03-16 12:34:56.789123<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.2 \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 date.today()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
current_date = datetime.date.today()\nprint(current_date)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2025-03-16<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.3 \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 datetime.now().time()<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
current_time = datetime.datetime.now().time()\nprint(current_time)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
12:34:56.789123<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. \u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
3.1 \u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u671f\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 datetime.date(year, month, day)<\/code> \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u671f\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
my_date = datetime.date(2025, 3, 16)\nprint(my_date)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2025-03-16<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.2 \u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 datetime.time(hour, minute, second)<\/code> \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
my_time = datetime.time(12, 34, 56)\nprint(my_time)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
12:34:56<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3.3 \u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 datetime.datetime(year, month, day, hour, minute, second)<\/code> \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
my_datetime = datetime.datetime(2025, 3, 16, 12, 34, 56)\nprint(my_datetime)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2025-03-16 12:34:56<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. \u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
4.1 \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528 strftime(format)<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
now = datetime.datetime.now()\n\n# \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\nformatted_datetime = now.strftime(\"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\")\nprint(formatted_datetime)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2025-03-16 12:34:56<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
strftime<\/code> \u4f7f\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u7b26\u53f7\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • %Y<\/code> \u2014 \u5e74\uff08\u56db\u4f4d\u6570\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • %m<\/code> \u2014 \u6708\uff08\u4e24\u4f4d\u6570\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • %d<\/code> \u2014 \u65e5\uff08\u4e24\u4f4d\u6570\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • %H<\/code> \u2014 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff0824\u5c0f\u65f6\u5236\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • %M<\/code> \u2014 \u5206\u949f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • %S<\/code> \u2014 \u79d2<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • %A<\/code> \u2014 \u661f\u671f\u51e0\uff08\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5982 Monday\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • %B<\/code> \u2014 \u6708\u4efd\u7684\u5168\u540d\uff08\u5982 January\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    4.2 \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65e5\u671f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u65e5\u671f\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    now = datetime.datetime.now()\n\n# \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65e5\u671f\nformatted_date = now.strftime(\"%Y-%m-%d\")\nprint(formatted_date)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    2025-03-16<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    5. \u89e3\u6790\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u4f7f\u7528 strptime()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    date_string = \"2025-03-16 12:34:56\"\ndatetime_object = datetime.datetime.strptime(date_string, \"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\")\nprint(datetime_object)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    2025-03-16 12:34:56<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    6. \u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u8ba1\u7b97<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    6.1 \u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u52a0\u51cf<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \u4f7f\u7528 timedelta<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    from datetime import timedelta\n\n# \u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\nnow = datetime.datetime.now()\n\n# \u52a0\u4e0a 10 \u5929\nnew_date = now + timedelta(days=10)\nprint(\"10 days later:\", new_date)\n\n# \u51cf\u53bb 5 \u5929\nearlier_date = now - timedelta(days=5)\nprint(\"5 days ago:\", earlier_date)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    10 days later: 2025-03-26 12:34:56.789123\n5 days ago: 2025-03-11 12:34:56.789123<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    6.2 \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u4e2a\u65e5\u671f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u53bb\u4e24\u4e2a\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a timedelta<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e24\u4e2a\u65e5\u671f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    from datetime import timedelta\n\n# \u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\nnow = datetime.datetime.now()\n\n# \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u671f\npast_date = datetime.datetime(2025, 1, 1)\n\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u4e2a\u65e5\u671f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\ndifference = now - past_date\nprint(\"Days difference:\", difference.days)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Days difference: 74<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    7. \u83b7\u53d6\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 datetime<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u5e74\u3001\u6708\u3001\u65e5\u3001\u65f6\u3001\u5206\u3001\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    now = datetime.datetime.now()\n\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5e74\u3001\u6708\u3001\u65e5\u3001\u65f6\u3001\u5206\u3001\u79d2\nprint(\"Year:\", now.year)\nprint(\"Month:\", now.month)\nprint(\"Day:\", now.day)\nprint(\"Hour:\", now.hour)\nprint(\"Minute:\", now.minute)\nprint(\"Second:\", now.second)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Year: 2025\nMonth: 3\nDay: 16\nHour: 12\nMinute: 34\nSecond: 56<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    8. \u65f6\u533a\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    datetime<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u7684 timezone<\/code> \u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u65f6\u533a\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5e26\u65f6\u533a\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 pytz<\/code> \u5e93\uff08Python \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u652f\u6301\u65f6\u533a\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    import pytz\nfrom datetime import datetime\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u533a\u5bf9\u8c61\ntimezone = pytz.timezone(\"Asia\/Shanghai\")\n\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5e26\u65f6\u533a\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\nnow_in_timezone = datetime.now(timezone)\nprint(now_in_timezone)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u4f7f\u7528 datetime.datetime.now()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u4f7f\u7528 datetime.date.today()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 datetime.datetime.now().time()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • strftime()<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0cstrptime()<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u4f7f\u7528 timedelta<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 .year<\/code>, .month<\/code>, .day<\/code> \u7b49\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      datetime<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5404\u79cd\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u5728 Python3 \u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5904\u7406\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 datetime \u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u529f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2885,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2884","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python-3-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2884","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2884"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2884\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2886,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2884\/revisions\/2886"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2884"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2884"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}