{"id":3066,"date":"2025-03-21T00:08:34","date_gmt":"2025-03-20T16:08:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3066"},"modified":"2025-03-21T00:08:34","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T16:08:34","slug":"php-%e5%bc%82%e5%b8%b8%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/21\/php-%e5%bc%82%e5%b8%b8%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97\/","title":{"rendered":"PHP \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6574\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5f02\u5e38\uff08Exception\uff09\u662f PHP \u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 \u5f02\u5e38<\/strong> \u673a\u5236\u6355\u83b7\u9519\u8bef\u5e76\u505a\u76f8\u5e94\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

2. try-catch<\/code> \u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

PHP \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 try-catch<\/code> \u673a\u5236\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u57fa\u672c\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
function divide($a, $b) {\n    if ($b == 0) {\n        throw new Exception(\"\u9664\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u96f6\");\n    }\n    return $a \/ $b;\n}\n\ntry {\n    echo divide(10, 0);\n} catch (Exception $e) {\n    echo \"\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38: \" . $e->getMessage();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\ud83d\udccc \u89e3\u91ca<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • throw new Exception(\"\u9664\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u96f6\")<\/code>\uff1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • try<\/code> \u5757\u4e2d\u653e\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • catch (Exception $e)<\/code> \u6355\u83b7 Exception<\/code> \u5e76\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    3. try-catch<\/code> \u6355\u83b7\u591a\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    PHP \u5141\u8bb8 catch<\/code> \u5757\u5904\u7406\u591a\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    class CustomException extends Exception {}\nclass AnotherException extends Exception {}\n\ntry {\n    throw new CustomException(\"\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\");\n} catch (CustomException $e) {\n    echo \"\u6355\u83b7 CustomException: \" . $e->getMessage();\n} catch (AnotherException $e) {\n    echo \"\u6355\u83b7 AnotherException: \" . $e->getMessage();\n} catch (Exception $e) {\n    echo \"\u901a\u7528\u5f02\u5e38: \" . $e->getMessage();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \ud83d\udccc \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • catch<\/code> \u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5339\u914d\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5148\u5339\u914d\u7684\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Exception<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u9700\u653e\u5728\u6700\u540e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      4. finally<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      finally<\/code> \u4ee3\u7801\u5757 \u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u90fd\u4f1a\u6267\u884c<\/strong>\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8d44\u6e90\u6e05\u7406\uff08\u5982\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      function processFile($filename) {\n    $file = fopen($filename, \"r\");\n    try {\n        if (!$file) {\n            throw new Exception(\"\u65e0\u6cd5\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\");\n        }\n        echo \"\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5f00\u6210\u529f\";\n    } catch (Exception $e) {\n        echo \"\u9519\u8bef: \" . $e->getMessage();\n    } finally {\n        if ($file) {\n            fclose($file);\n            echo \"\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\";\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nprocessFile(\"test.txt\");<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \ud83d\udccc \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u91ca\u653e\u6587\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        5. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        PHP \u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f Exception<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        class MyException extends Exception {\n    public function customFunction() {\n        return \"\u5f02\u5e38\u4ee3\u7801: {$this->getCode()}, \u6d88\u606f: {$this->getMessage()}\";\n    }\n}\n\ntry {\n    throw new MyException(\"\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\", 1001);\n} catch (MyException $e) {\n    echo $e->customFunction();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \ud83d\udccc \u5e38\u7528 Exception<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\u4f5c\u7528<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
        getMessage()<\/code><\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f02\u5e38\u6d88\u606f<\/td><\/tr>
        getCode()<\/code><\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f02\u5e38\u4ee3\u7801<\/td><\/tr>
        getFile()<\/code><\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f02\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr>
        getLine()<\/code><\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f02\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u884c\u53f7<\/td><\/tr>
        getTrace()<\/code><\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f02\u5e38\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6570\u7ec4<\/td><\/tr>
        getTraceAsString()<\/code><\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f02\u5e38\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        6. set_exception_handler()<\/code> \u5904\u7406\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \u5982\u679c\u5f02\u5e38\u672a\u88ab catch<\/code> \u5904\u7406\uff0cPHP \u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u811a\u672c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 set_exception_handler()<\/code> \u6355\u83b7\u6240\u6709\u672a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        function globalExceptionHandler($exception) {\n    error_log(\"\u672a\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38: \" . $exception->getMessage(), 3, \"\/var\/log\/php_exceptions.log\");\n    echo \"\u7cfb\u7edf\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8bf7\u7a0d\u540e\u518d\u8bd5\u3002\";\n}\n\n\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\nset_exception_handler(\"globalExceptionHandler\");\n\n\/\/ \u89e6\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\nthrow new Exception(\"\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\");<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \ud83d\udccc \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u8bb0\u5f55\u5f02\u5e38\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u7edf\u4e00\u8fd4\u56de\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u53d1\u9001\u5f02\u5e38\u901a\u77e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          7. PHP 7+ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff08Error vs. Exception\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          PHP 7 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Error<\/code> \u7c7b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9519\u8bef\uff08\u5982\u8c03\u7528\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf Exception<\/code> \u4e00\u6837\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          try {\n    nonExistentFunction(); \/\/ PHP 7+ \u5141\u8bb8\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\n} catch (Error $e) {\n    echo \"\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u9519\u8bef: \" . $e->getMessage();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \ud83d\udccc \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • \u517c\u5bb9 PHP 7+ \u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u6355\u83b7 E_ERROR<\/code> \u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            8. \u7ed3\u5408\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Monolog\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 Monolog<\/strong> \u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            composer require monolog\/monolog<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            use Monolog\\Logger;\nuse Monolog\\Handler\\StreamHandler;\n\n$log = new Logger('app');\n$log->pushHandler(new StreamHandler('\/var\/log\/app.log', Logger::ERROR));\n\ntry {\n    throw new Exception(\"API \u8bbf\u95ee\u5931\u8d25\");\n} catch (Exception $e) {\n    $log->error($e->getMessage());\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \ud83d\udccc Monolog \u53ef\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u3001Slack\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            9. \u7ed3\u5408 HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \u5bf9\u4e8e Web API \u6216 RESTful \u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408 HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u7801\u8fd4\u56de\u5f02\u5e38\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            try {\n    throw new Exception(\"\u672a\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\", 401);\n} catch (Exception $e) {\n    http_response_code($e->getCode());\n    echo json_encode([\"error\" => $e->getMessage()]);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \ud83d\udccc \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • 401<\/strong>\uff1a\u672a\u6388\u6743<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • 403<\/strong>\uff1a\u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • 404<\/strong>\uff1a\u8d44\u6e90\u672a\u627e\u5230<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • 500<\/strong>\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n
              10. \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
              \u2705 \u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • display_errors = On<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • error_reporting = E_ALL<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u4f7f\u7528 try-catch<\/code> \u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \u2705 \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • display_errors = Off<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • log_errors = On<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • set_exception_handler()<\/code> \u5904\u7406\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u8bb0\u5f55\u5f02\u5e38\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u5982 Monolog<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  \u2705 \u63a8\u8350<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<\/strong>\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • finally<\/code> \u5904\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u6e05\u7406<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u6355\u83b7 Error<\/code> \u4ee5\u517c\u5bb9 PHP 7+<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u7ed3\u5408 HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u7801\u8fd4\u56de\u53cb\u597d\u9519\u8bef<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982 Monolog<\/code>\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    \n\n\n\n
                    \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                    \u65b9\u6848<\/th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                    try-catch<\/code><\/td>\u6355\u83b7\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38<\/td><\/tr>
                    catch<\/code> \u591a\u5f02\u5e38<\/td>\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5f02\u5e38<\/td><\/tr>
                    finally<\/code><\/td>\u8d44\u6e90\u6e05\u7406\uff08\u5982\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
                    set_exception_handler()<\/code><\/td>\u6355\u83b7\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38<\/td><\/tr>
                    \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<\/code><\/td>\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406<\/td><\/tr>
                    Monolog<\/code><\/td>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406<\/td><\/tr>
                    Error<\/code> \u5904\u7406<\/td>\u517c\u5bb9 PHP 7+<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                    \n\n\n\n
                     \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5 \u589e\u5f3a PHP \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\uff01<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                    \u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                    1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\uff1f \u5f02\u5e38\uff08Exception\uff09\u662f PHP \u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3067,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-php"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3066","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3066"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3066\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3068,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3066\/revisions\/3068"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3066"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3066"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3066"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}