{"id":3161,"date":"2025-03-25T23:35:58","date_gmt":"2025-03-25T15:35:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3161"},"modified":"2025-03-25T23:35:58","modified_gmt":"2025-03-25T15:35:58","slug":"go-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/25\/go-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"Go \u8bed\u8a00\u53d8\u91cf\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5728 Go \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Variable\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002Go \u8bed\u8a00\u662f<strong>\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u8bed\u8a00<\/strong>\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u65e6\u786e\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5168\u9762\u8bb2\u89e3 Go \u8bed\u8a00\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u63a8\u5bfc\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u652f\u6301\u4e09\u79cd\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>var<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>:=<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u77ed\u58f0\u660e<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>const<\/code> \u58f0\u660e\u5e38\u91cf<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff081\uff09\u4f7f\u7528 <code>var<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>var name string = \"Alice\"\nvar age int = 25\nvar isStudent bool = false<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u5728 <code>var \u53d8\u91cf\u540d \u7c7b\u578b<\/code> \u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\u663e\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ef\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5916\u90e8\uff08\u5305\u7ea7\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff09\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u58f0\u660e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff082\uff09\u7701\u7565\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>var city = \"Beijing\"\nvar temperature = 26.5<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc <code>city<\/code> \u4e3a <code>string<\/code>\uff0c<code>temperature<\/code> \u4e3a <code>float64<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff083\uff09\u4f7f\u7528 <code>:=<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u77ed\u58f0\u660e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>message := \"Hello, Go!\"\nscore := 95\nisPassed := true<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>:=<\/code> \u81ea\u52a8\u63a8\u5bfc\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff084\uff09\u58f0\u660e\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>var a, b, c int \/\/ \u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\nvar x, y = \"Go\", 100 \/\/ \u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u63a8\u5bfc\u7c7b\u578b\np, q := 1.5, false   \/\/ \u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7b80\u77ed\u58f0\u660e<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff085\uff09\u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u7ec4\u58f0\u660e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>var (\n    username string  = \"John\"\n    age      int     = 30\n    salary   float64 = 5000.50\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>var (...)<\/code> \u65b9\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b83\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709<strong>\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff081\uff09\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5916\u90e8<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6574\u4e2a\u5305\u90fd\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>package main\n\nimport \"fmt\"\n\n\/\/ \u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\nvar globalVar = \"I am a global variable\"\n\nfunc main() {\n    fmt.Println(globalVar) \/\/ \u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\uff082\uff09\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4ec5\u9650\u8be5\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>func main() {\n    localVar := \"I am a local variable\"\n    fmt.Println(localVar) \/\/ \u6b63\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\n}\n\/\/ fmt.Println(localVar) \/\/ \u274c \u62a5\u9519\uff1a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d85\u51fa\u4f5c\u7528\u57df<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 Go \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u8d4b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/th><th>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>int<\/code><\/td><td><code>0<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>float64<\/code><\/td><td><code>0.0<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>bool<\/code><\/td><td><code>false<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>string<\/code><\/td><td><code>\"\"<\/code>\uff08\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6307\u9488\u3001slice\u3001map<\/td><td><code>nil<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>var num int      \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 0\nvar price float64 \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 0.0\nvar isActive bool \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a false\nvar text string  \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a \"\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Go <strong>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u9690\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<\/strong>\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u663e\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>var a int = 10\nvar b float64 = float64(a) \/\/ int \u8f6c float64\nvar c string = strconv.Itoa(a) \/\/ int \u8f6c string<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6e90\u7c7b\u578b<\/th><th>\u76ee\u6807\u7c7b\u578b<\/th><th>\u8f6c\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>int<\/code> \u2192 <code>float64<\/code><\/td><td><code>float64(i)<\/code><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>float64<\/code> \u2192 <code>int<\/code><\/td><td><code>int(f)<\/code><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>int<\/code> \u2192 <code>string<\/code><\/td><td><code>strconv.Itoa(i)<\/code><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>string<\/code> \u2192 <code>int<\/code><\/td><td><code>strconv.Atoi(s)<\/code><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. \u5e38\u91cf\uff08<code>const<\/code>\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u91cf\u4e00\u65e6\u58f0\u660e\uff0c<strong>\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>const PI = 3.1415926\nconst GREETING = \"Hello, Go!\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>const<\/code> \u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u53ef\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u503c<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5e03\u5c14\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 <code>:=<\/code> \u58f0\u660e\u5e38\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u679a\u4e3e\uff08iota\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>const (\n    Sunday = iota \/\/ 0\n    Monday        \/\/ 1\n    Tuesday       \/\/ 2\n)\nfmt.Println(Sunday, Monday, Tuesday) \/\/ 0 1 2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. \u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf <code>_<\/code>\uff08\u7a7a\u767d\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Go \u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b <code>_<\/code>\uff08\u7a7a\u767d\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u4e22\u5f03\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>num, _ := strconv.Atoi(\"100\") \/\/ \u53ea\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u9519\u8bef<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7. \u53d8\u91cf\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u9500\u6bc1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fdb\u5165\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u65f6\u9500\u6bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>func main() {\n    num := 100 \/\/ \u53ea\u5728 main \u51fd\u6570\u5185\u5b58\u5728\n    fmt.Println(num)\n} \/\/ num \u53d8\u91cf\u9500\u6bc1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>8. \u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/golang.org\/doc\/\">Go \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/golang.org\/ref\/spec#Declarations_and_scope\">Go \u53d8\u91cf\u8bed\u6cd5<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f60\u5bf9 Go \u53d8\u91cf\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\u5417\uff1f\ud83d\ude0a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728 Go \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Variable\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002Go \u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u58f0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3162,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-golang"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3161","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3161"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3163,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3161\/revisions\/3163"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3161"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}