{"id":3229,"date":"2025-03-27T23:48:29","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T15:48:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3229"},"modified":"2025-03-27T23:48:29","modified_gmt":"2025-03-27T15:48:29","slug":"c-%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e8%af%ad%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/27\/c-%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e8%af%ad%e6%b3%95\/","title":{"rendered":"C++ \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

C++ \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd C++ \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u6307\u9488\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. C++ \u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6bcf\u4e2a C++ \u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a main()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f C++ \u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#include <iostream>  \/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5e93\n\nint main() {\n    std::cout << \"Hello, C++!\" << std::endl;  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u8bed\u53e5\n    return 0;  \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de 0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • #include <iostream><\/code>\uff1a\u5f15\u5165 iostream<\/strong> \u5934\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • std::cout<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff08\u7ec8\u7aef\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • std::endl<\/code>\uff1a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • return 0;<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de 0 \u8868\u793a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    2. \u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    C++ \u662f\u5f3a\u7c7b\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    2.1 \u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\u5178\u578b\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u5b57\u8282\uff09<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    int<\/code><\/td>\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>4<\/td><\/tr>
    float<\/code><\/td>\u5355\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570<\/td>4<\/td><\/tr>
    double<\/code><\/td>\u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570<\/td>8<\/td><\/tr>
    char<\/code><\/td>\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>1<\/td><\/tr>
    bool<\/code><\/td>\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\uff08true<\/code>\/false<\/code>\uff09<\/td>1<\/td><\/tr>
    void<\/code><\/td>\u7a7a\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u65e0\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff09<\/td>0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    2.2 \u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    int age = 25;       \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u578b\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\ndouble pi = 3.14;   \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\nchar grade = 'A';   \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u53d8\u91cf\nbool isPassed = true; \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    2.3 \u5e38\u91cf<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u4f7f\u7528 const<\/code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u5e38\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    const double PI = 3.14159;\nPI = 3.14;  \/\/ \u274c \u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e38\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    3. \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    C++ \u5177\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    3.1 \u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\u793a\u4f8b\uff08a = 10, b = 3<\/code>\uff09<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    +<\/code><\/td>\u52a0\u6cd5<\/td>a + b<\/code> \u2192 13<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
    -<\/code><\/td>\u51cf\u6cd5<\/td>a - b<\/code> \u2192 7<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
    *<\/code><\/td>\u4e58\u6cd5<\/td>a * b<\/code> \u2192 30<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
    \/<\/code><\/td>\u9664\u6cd5<\/td>a \/ b<\/code> \u2192 3<\/code>\uff08\u6574\u6570\u9664\u6cd5\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
    %<\/code><\/td>\u53d6\u6a21<\/td>a % b<\/code> \u2192 1<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    3.2 \u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\u793a\u4f8b\uff08a = 10, b = 3<\/code>\uff09<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    ==<\/code><\/td>\u7b49\u4e8e<\/td>a == b<\/code> \u2192 false<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
    !=<\/code><\/td>\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e<\/td>a != b<\/code> \u2192 true<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
    ><\/code><\/td>\u5927\u4e8e<\/td>a > b<\/code> \u2192 true<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
    <<\/code><\/td>\u5c0f\u4e8e<\/td>a < b<\/code> \u2192 false<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    3.3 \u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\u793a\u4f8b\uff08x = true, y = false<\/code>\uff09<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    &&<\/code><\/td>\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e<\/td>x && y<\/code> \u2192 false<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
    ||<\/code><\/td>\u903b\u8f91\u6216<\/td>x || y<\/code> \u2192 true<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
    !<\/code><\/td>\u903b\u8f91\u975e<\/td>!x<\/code> \u2192 false<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    4. \u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    4.1 if-else \u8bed\u53e5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    int age = 18;\nif (age >= 18) {\n    std::cout << \"\u4f60\u5df2\u6210\u5e74\" << std::endl;\n} else {\n    std::cout << \"\u4f60\u672a\u6210\u5e74\" << std::endl;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    4.2 switch \u8bed\u53e5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    int day = 2;\nswitch (day) {\n    case 1: std::cout << \"\u661f\u671f\u4e00\"; break;\n    case 2: std::cout << \"\u661f\u671f\u4e8c\"; break;\n    default: std::cout << \"\u5176\u4ed6\";\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    5. \u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    5.1 for \u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {\n    std::cout << \"\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\uff1a\" << i << std::endl;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    5.2 while \u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    int i = 0;\nwhile (i < 5) {\n    std::cout << \"i=\" << i << std::endl;\n    i++;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    5.3 do-while \u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    int i = 0;\ndo {\n    std::cout << \"i=\" << i << std::endl;\n    i++;\n} while (i < 5);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    6. \u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    C++ \u4f7f\u7528 returnType functionName(parameters)<\/code> \u8bed\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\nint add(int a, int b) {\n    return a + b;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    std::cout << add(3, 4);  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa 7\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    7. \u6570\u7ec4<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};\nstd::cout << arr[0];  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa 1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    8. \u6307\u9488<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    int num = 10;\nint* p = &num;  \/\/ \u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411 num \u7684\u5730\u5740\nstd::cout << *p;  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa 10<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    9. \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08OOP\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    C++ \u652f\u6301\u7c7b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    class Car {\npublic:\n    std::string brand;\n    int year;\n\n    void show() {\n        std::cout << \"\u54c1\u724c: \" << brand << \", \u5e74\u4efd: \" << year << std::endl;\n    }\n};\n\nint main() {\n    Car myCar;\n    myCar.brand = \"Toyota\";\n    myCar.year = 2023;\n    myCar.show();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    10. C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    C++ \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • <vector><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • <string><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • <map><\/code><\/strong>\u3001<unordered_map><\/code>\uff1a\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • <algorithm><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u67e5\u627e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      #include <vector>\nstd::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u8bed\u6cd5\u90e8\u5206<\/th>\u5173\u952e\u70b9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      \u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>int<\/code>\u3001double<\/code>\u3001char<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/td>+<\/code>\u3001-<\/code>\u3001*<\/code>\u3001\/<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      \u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5<\/td>if-else<\/code>\u3001switch<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      \u5faa\u73af<\/td>for<\/code>\u3001while<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      \u51fd\u6570<\/td>returnType functionName()<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      \u6570\u7ec4<\/td>int arr[] = {}<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      \u6307\u9488<\/td>int* p = &num;<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td>class<\/code>\u3001object<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      C++ \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd C++ \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53d8\u91cf […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3230,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[81],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-c-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3229"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3229\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3231,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3229\/revisions\/3231"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3229"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}