{"id":3262,"date":"2025-03-28T00:10:05","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T16:10:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3262"},"modified":"2025-03-28T00:10:05","modified_gmt":"2025-03-27T16:10:05","slug":"c-%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0-functions-in-c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/28\/c-%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0-functions-in-c\/","title":{"rendered":"C++ \u51fd\u6570 (Functions in C++)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u662f C++ \u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u9020\u5757\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c01\u88c5\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 C++ \u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b (Return Type)<\/strong>: \u6307\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u51fd\u6570\u540d (Function Name)<\/strong>: \u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868 (Parameters)<\/strong>: \u5305\u62ec\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u51fd\u6570\u4f53 (Function Body)<\/strong>: \u5305\u62ec\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>return_type function_name(parameter_list) {\n    \/\/ \u51fd\u6570\u4f53\n    \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\nusing namespace std;\n\nvoid sayHello() {\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"Hello, C++!\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    sayHello();  \/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Hello, C++!<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f <code>int<\/code>\u3001<code>float<\/code>\u3001<code>double<\/code> \u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u5185\u4f7f\u7528 <code>return<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5e26\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\nusing namespace std;\n\nint add(int a, int b) {\n    return a + b;  \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u548c\n}\n\nint main() {\n    int result = add(5, 3);  \/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"The sum is: \" &lt;&lt; result &lt;&lt; endl;  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>The sum is: 8<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u503c\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u662f\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u526f\u672c\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u5219\u662f\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u672c\u8eab\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u503c\u4f20\u9012<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u503c\u4f20\u9012<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\nusing namespace std;\n\nvoid modifyValue(int a) {\n    a = 10;  \/\/ \u4fee\u6539\u53c2\u6570\n}\n\nint main() {\n    int x = 5;\n    modifyValue(x);  \/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"Value of x: \" &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; endl;  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u503c\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Value of x: 5<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<code>x<\/code> \u7684\u503c\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6309\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>&amp;<\/code> \u7b26\u53f7\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\nusing namespace std;\n\nvoid modifyValue(int &amp;a) {\n    a = 10;  \/\/ \u4fee\u6539\u53c2\u6570\n}\n\nint main() {\n    int x = 5;\n    modifyValue(x);  \/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"Value of x: \" &lt;&lt; x &lt;&lt; endl;  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u503c\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Value of x: 10<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<code>x<\/code> \u7684\u503c\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6309\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570 (Default Arguments)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C++ \u5141\u8bb8\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u67d0\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>return_type function_name(parameter1 = default_value1, parameter2 = default_value2, ...) {\n    \/\/ \u51fd\u6570\u4f53\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\nusing namespace std;\n\nvoid printMessage(string message = \"Hello, world!\") {\n    cout &lt;&lt; message &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    printMessage();  \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\n    printMessage(\"Custom message\");  \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53c2\u6570\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Hello, world!\nCustom message<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. \u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d (Function Overloading)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C++ \u652f\u6301\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d\uff0c\u5373\u591a\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u6216\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6839\u636e\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\nusing namespace std;\n\nint add(int a, int b) {\n    return a + b;\n}\n\ndouble add(double a, double b) {\n    return a + b;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"Integer sum: \" &lt;&lt; add(5, 3) &lt;&lt; endl;\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"Double sum: \" &lt;&lt; add(2.5, 3.7) &lt;&lt; endl;\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Integer sum: 8\nDouble sum: 6.2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. \u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570 (Lambda Functions)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C++11 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\uff08Lambda \u51fd\u6570\uff09\u3002Lambda \u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6ca1\u6709\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u8054\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;\u6355\u83b7\u5217\u8868](\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868) -&gt; \u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b {\n    \/\/ \u51fd\u6570\u4f53\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aLambda \u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt;\nusing namespace std;\n\nint main() {\n    auto add = &#91;](int a, int b) -&gt; int {\n        return a + b;\n    };\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"Sum: \" &lt;&lt; add(5, 3) &lt;&lt; endl;\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Sum: 8<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C++ \u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5c01\u88c5\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/strong>\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u67d0\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff08<code>void<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u6216\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d<\/strong>\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lambda \u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u5c0f\u529f\u80fd\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u597d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8 C++ \u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u51fd\u6570\u662f C++ \u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u9020\u5757\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c01\u88c5\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3263,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[81],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-c-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3262","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3262"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3262\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3264,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3262\/revisions\/3264"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3263"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3262"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3262"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}