{"id":3289,"date":"2025-03-29T15:12:26","date_gmt":"2025-03-29T07:12:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3289"},"modified":"2025-03-29T15:12:26","modified_gmt":"2025-03-29T07:12:26","slug":"c-vector-%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/29\/c-vector-%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"C++ vector \u5bb9\u5668\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

vector<\/code> \u662f C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff08STL\uff09\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 \u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4<\/strong> \u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5c55<\/strong>\u3001\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong>\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u63d2\u5165\u5220\u9664<\/strong>\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u662f std::vector<T><\/code> \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8 T<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. vector<\/code> \u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5c55<\/strong>\uff1avector<\/code> \u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5c55\u6216\u6536\u7f29\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u8fde\u7eed\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 \u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757<\/strong> \u4e2d\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u652f\u6301\u63d2\u5165\/\u5220\u9664<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b push_back()<\/code>\u3001pop_back()<\/code> \u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n

    2. \u5f15\u5165 vector<\/code> \u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    vector<\/code> \u4f4d\u4e8e <vector><\/code> \u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    #include <vector><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    3. vector<\/code> \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    3.1 \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n\nint main() {\n    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49 vector\n    std::vector<int> v1;  \/\/ \u7a7a vector\n    std::vector<int> v2(5, 10);  \/\/ 5 \u4e2a 10\n    std::vector<int> v3 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};  \/\/ \u5217\u8868\u521d\u59cb\u5316\n    std::vector<int> v4(v3);  \/\/ \u62f7\u8d1d v3\n    std::vector<int> v5(v3.begin(), v3.begin() + 3);  \/\/ \u53d6 v3 \u7684\u524d 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    3.2 \u5411 vector<\/code> \u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> v;\n\n    \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\n    v.push_back(10);\n    v.push_back(20);\n    v.push_back(30);\n\n    \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\n    v.pop_back();  \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n\n    std::cout << \"Vector \u5143\u7d20: \";\n    for (int num : v) {\n        std::cout << num << \" \";\n    }\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Vector \u5143\u7d20: 10 20<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    3.3 \u8bbf\u95ee vector<\/code> \u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};\n\n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbf\u95ee\n    std::cout << \"v[0]: \" << v[0] << std::endl;\n\n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 `at()`\n    std::cout << \"v.at(1): \" << v.at(1) << std::endl;\n\n    \/\/ \u8bbf\u95ee\u9996\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\n    std::cout << \"\u9996\u5143\u7d20: \" << v.front() << std::endl;\n    std::cout << \"\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20: \" << v.back() << std::endl;\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    v[0]: 1\nv.at(1): 2\n\u9996\u5143\u7d20: 1\n\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20: 5<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/strong> at()<\/code> \u6bd4 []<\/code> \u66f4\u5b89\u5168<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a at()<\/code> \u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u8d8a\u754c\u9519\u8bef<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c []<\/code> \u4e0d\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    4. \u904d\u5386 vector<\/code><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    4.1 \u4f7f\u7528 for<\/code> \u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};\n\n    for (size_t i = 0; i < v.size(); i++) {\n        std::cout << v[i] << \" \";\n    }\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    4.2 \u4f7f\u7528 range-based for<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> v = {10, 20, 30};\n\n    for (int num : v) {\n        std::cout << num << \" \";\n    }\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    4.3 \u4f7f\u7528 iterator<\/code> \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> v = {100, 200, 300};\n\n    for (std::vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++) {\n        std::cout << *it << \" \";\n    }\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    5. \u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    5.1 \u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    vector<\/code> \u652f\u6301\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3};\n\n    v.insert(v.begin(), 0);  \/\/ \u5728\u5f00\u5934\u63d2\u5165 0\n    v.insert(v.end(), 4);    \/\/ \u5728\u7ed3\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165 4\n\n    std::cout << \"Vector: \";\n    for (int num : v) {\n        std::cout << num << \" \";\n    }\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Vector: 0 1 2 3 4<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    5.2 \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> v = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};\n\n    v.erase(v.begin() + 1);  \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u7b2c 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n    v.erase(v.begin(), v.begin() + 2);  \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\n\n    std::cout << \"Vector: \";\n    for (int num : v) {\n        std::cout << num << \" \";\n    }\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Vector: 40 50<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    6. vector<\/code> \u5bb9\u91cf\u548c\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3, 4};\n\n    std::cout << \"\u5927\u5c0f: \" << v.size() << std::endl;\n    std::cout << \"\u5bb9\u91cf: \" << v.capacity() << std::endl;\n\n    v.reserve(10);  \/\/ \u9884\u7559\u7a7a\u95f4\n    std::cout << \"\u65b0\u5bb9\u91cf: \" << v.capacity() << std::endl;\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    capacity()<\/code><\/strong> \u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0csize()<\/code><\/strong> \u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    7. vector<\/code> \u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n#include <algorithm>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> v = {5, 3, 1, 4, 2};\n\n    std::sort(v.begin(), v.end());  \/\/ \u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\n\n    std::cout << \"\u6392\u5e8f\u540e: \";\n    for (int num : v) {\n        std::cout << num << \" \";\n    }\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u6392\u5e8f\u540e: 1 2 3 4 5<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    8. vector<\/code> \u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\u4f5c\u7528<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    clear()<\/code><\/td>\u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20<\/td><\/tr>
    empty()<\/code><\/td>\u5224\u65ad vector<\/code> \u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/td><\/tr>
    swap(v1, v2)<\/code><\/td>\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a vector<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
    resize(n)<\/code><\/td>\u6539\u53d8 vector<\/code> \u5927\u5c0f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    9. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • vector<\/code> \u662f \u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4<\/strong>\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong>\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5c55<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • push_back()<\/code> \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff0cpop_back()<\/code> \u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • insert()<\/code> \u63d2\u5165\uff0cerase()<\/code> \u5220\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • size()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0ccapacity()<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • sort()<\/code> \u6392\u5e8f\uff0cclear()<\/code> \u6e05\u7a7a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      vector \u662f C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff08STL\uff09\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 \u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4 \u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5c55\u3001\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u63d2\u5165\u5220\u9664\u7b49 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3290,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[81],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-c-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3289","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3289"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3289\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3291,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3289\/revisions\/3291"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3290"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}