{"id":3349,"date":"2025-03-29T17:33:29","date_gmt":"2025-03-29T09:33:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3349"},"modified":"2025-03-29T17:33:29","modified_gmt":"2025-03-29T09:33:29","slug":"c-%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86%e5%ba%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/29\/c-%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86%e5%ba%93\/","title":{"rendered":"C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u662f C++ \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. \u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\uff08I\/O\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    <\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • <iostream><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5305\u62ec cin<\/code>\u3001cout<\/code>\u3001cerr<\/code>\u3001clog<\/code> \u7b49\u3002\n
        \n
      • cin<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • cout<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • cerr<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • clog<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
        cpp #include <iostream> int main() { std::cout << \"Hello, World!\" << std::endl; return 0; }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • <fstream><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5305\u542b ifstream<\/code>\uff08\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3001ofstream<\/code>\uff08\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3001fstream<\/code>\uff08\u65e2\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e5f\u53ef\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002\n
          \n
        • \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
          cpp #include <fstream> #include <iostream> int main() { std::ofstream outfile(\"example.txt\"); outfile << \"This is an example.\" << std::endl; outfile.close(); return 0; }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          2. \u5bb9\u5668\u7c7b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            <\/ol>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • <vector><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5feb\u901f\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • <list><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • <deque><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u4e24\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • <set><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u5143\u7d20\u552f\u4e00\u5e76\u4e14\u6309\u7167\u7279\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • <map><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6620\u5c04\uff08\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • <unordered_set><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u5e8f\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • <unordered_map><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u5e8f\u6620\u5c04\uff08\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • <stack><\/code><\/strong>\u3001<queue><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6808\u548c\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u5668\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 vector<\/code>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                 #include <vector>\n   #include <iostream>\n   int main() {\n       std::vector<int> numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};\n       for (int num : numbers) {\n           std::cout << num << \" \";\n       }\n       std::cout << std::endl;\n       return 0;\n   }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              3. \u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5bb9\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                <\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • <algorithm><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982 sort<\/code>\u3001find<\/code>\u3001reverse<\/code>\u3001copy<\/code>\u3001accumulate<\/code> \u7b49\u3002\n
                    \n
                  • \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 sort<\/code> \u6392\u5e8f\uff1a
                    cpp #include <vector> #include <algorithm> #include <iostream> int main() { std::vector<int> numbers = {5, 3, 8, 1, 4}; std::sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end()); for (int num : numbers) { std::cout << num << \" \"; } std::cout << std::endl; return 0; }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    4. \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      <\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                      • <string><\/code><\/strong>\uff1aC++ \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 std::string<\/code> \u7c7b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\n
                          \n
                        • \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
                          cpp #include <string> #include <iostream> int main() { std::string str = \"Hello, C++!\"; std::cout << str << std::endl; return 0; }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                          5. \u6570\u5b66\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                            <\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                              \n
                            • <cmath><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982 sin<\/code>, cos<\/code>, sqrt<\/code>, pow<\/code> \u7b49\u3002\n
                                \n
                              • \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
                                cpp #include <cmath> #include <iostream> int main() { double result = std::sqrt(25.0); std::cout << \"The square root of 25 is \" << result << std::endl; return 0; }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                6. \u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                  \n
                                • <ctime><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65e5\u671f\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u7b49\u3002\n
                                    \n
                                  • \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
                                    cpp #include <ctime> #include <iostream> int main() { std::time_t currentTime = std::time(0); std::cout << \"Current time: \" << std::ctime(&currentTime); return 0; }<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                    7. \u7c7b\u578b\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                      <\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                        \n
                                      • <typeinfo><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7c7b\u578b\u4fe1\u606f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                      • <type_traits><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u7c7b\u578b\u7279\u6027\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u63a8\u5bfc\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                        8. \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                          <\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                            \n
                                          • <memory><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982 std::unique_ptr<\/code>, std::shared_ptr<\/code>, std::weak_ptr<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                          • <cstdlib><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684 C \u98ce\u683c\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982 malloc<\/code>, free<\/code> \u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                            9. \u7ebf\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff08C++11 \u5f15\u5165\uff09\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                              <\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                                \n
                                              • <thread><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                              • <mutex><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                              • <condition_variable><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                10. \u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\uff08C++11 \u5f15\u5165\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                                  \n
                                                • <sstream><\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u5b58\u6d41\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                    <\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \u4e8c\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                                                    C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f4d\u4e8e std<\/code> \u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a std::<\/code> \u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528 using namespace std;<\/code> \u6765\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                                    #include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n#include <algorithm>\n\nint main() {\n    std::vector<int> numbers = {5, 1, 4, 2, 3};\n\n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 sort \u7b97\u6cd5\u6392\u5e8f\n    std::sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end());\n\n    \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684 vector\n    for (int num : numbers) {\n        std::cout << num << \" \";\n    }\n    std::cout << std::endl;\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                                                    C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bfc\u5165\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                                                    C++ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u662f C++ \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3350,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[81],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3349","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-c-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3349","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3349"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3349\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3351,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3349\/revisions\/3351"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3349"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3349"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3349"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}