{"id":3431,"date":"2025-04-01T23:50:45","date_gmt":"2025-04-01T15:50:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3431"},"modified":"2025-04-01T23:50:45","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T15:50:45","slug":"c-%e9%a2%84%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/01\/c-%e9%a2%84%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%99%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"C \u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>C \u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5b8f\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u7b49\uff09\u6765\u51c6\u5907\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5c06\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6307\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\u4ee5 <code>#<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u3002\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49 (<code>#define<\/code>)<\/strong><br><code>#define<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b8f\u3002\u5b8f\u662f\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5e38\u91cf\u6216\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   #define PI 3.14159<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684 <code>PI<\/code> \u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>3.14159<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n\n   #define PI 3.14159\n\n   int main() {\n       printf(\"PI is: %f\\n\", PI);  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa: PI is: 3.141590\n       return 0;\n   }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>### \u5b8f\u51fd\u6570<br><code>#define<\/code> \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5b8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b8f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u6587\u672c\u66ff\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   #define SQUARE(x) ((x) * (x))<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b8f <code>SQUARE(x)<\/code> \u4f1a\u5c06\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570 <code>x<\/code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>(x) * (x)<\/code>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u62ec\u53f7\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n\n   #define SQUARE(x) ((x) * (x))\n\n   int main() {\n       int n = 5;\n       printf(\"Square of %d is: %d\\n\", n, SQUARE(n));  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa: Square of 5 is: 25\n       return 0;\n   }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1 (<code>#if<\/code>, <code>#ifdef<\/code>, <code>#ifndef<\/code>, <code>#else<\/code>, <code>#elif<\/code>, <code>#endif<\/code>)<\/strong><br>\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6765\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>#if<\/code>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>#ifdef<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5b8f\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>#ifndef<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5b8f\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>#else<\/code>\uff1a\u4e0e <code>#if<\/code>\u3001<code>#ifdef<\/code>\u3001<code>#ifndef<\/code> \u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u6761\u4ef6\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>#elif<\/code>\uff1a\u5728 <code>#if<\/code> \u6216 <code>#ifdef<\/code> \u6761\u4ef6\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u53e6\u4e00\u6761\u4ef6\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   #define DEBUG\n\n   int main() {\n       #ifdef DEBUG\n           printf(\"Debug mode is enabled.\\n\");\n       #else\n           printf(\"Debug mode is disabled.\\n\");\n       #endif\n       return 0;\n   }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c <code>DEBUG<\/code> \u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa <code>\"Debug mode is enabled.\"<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c <code>DEBUG<\/code> \u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u51fa <code>\"Debug mode is disabled.\"<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b (<code>#include<\/code>)<\/strong><br><code>#include<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u542b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5305\u542b\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\uff08<code>.h<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\u548c\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;  \/\/ \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\n   #include \"myheader.h\"  \/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5c16\u62ec\u53f7 <code>&lt;><\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7 <code>\"\"<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9996\u5148\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u66ff\u6362 (<code>#include<\/code> \u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u66ff\u6362)<\/strong><br>\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4f1a\u5c06\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u76f4\u63a5\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u673a\u5236\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   \/\/ myheader.h\n   #define MAX 100\n   void printMessage() {\n       printf(\"Hello, World!\\n\");\n   }\n\n   \/\/ main.c\n   #include \"myheader.h\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5c06 <code>myheader.h<\/code> \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u63d2\u5165\u5230 <code>main.c<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6 <code>MAX<\/code> \u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a 100\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 <code>printMessage<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e5f\u4f1a\u63d2\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u9664 (<code>#ifndef<\/code>, <code>#define<\/code>, <code>#endif<\/code> \u9632\u6b62\u591a\u91cd\u5305\u542b\uff09<\/strong><br>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u591a\u6b21\u5305\u542b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   \/\/ myheader.h\n   #ifndef MYHEADER_H\n   #define MYHEADER_H\n\n   \/\/ \u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\n\n   #endif<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c<code>MYHEADER_H<\/code> \u5b8f\u5982\u679c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5305\u542b\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u5305\u542b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"6\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b8f<\/strong><br>C \u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5b8f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u5173\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>__FILE__<\/code>\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff08\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>__LINE__<\/code>\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>__DATE__<\/code>\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u7684\u65e5\u671f\uff08\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>__TIME__<\/code>\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>__STDC__<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9075\u5faa ANSI C \u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5b8f\u503c\u4e3a 1\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   printf(\"File: %s, Line: %d\\n\", __FILE__, __LINE__);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"7\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff1a<code>#error<\/code><\/strong><br><code>#error<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u9884\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u751f\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   #if __STDC__ != 1\n       #error \"This compiler does not support ANSI C!\"\n   #endif<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5728\u9884\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u68c0\u67e5 <code>__STDC__<\/code> \u5b8f\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u503c\u4e0d\u4e3a 1\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\u7f16\u8bd1\u5e76\u62a5\u544a\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"8\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8b66\u544a\u5904\u7406\uff1a<code>#warning<\/code><\/strong><br><code>#warning<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   #warning \"This code is experimental!\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u8f93\u51fa <code>\"This code is experimental!\"<\/code> \u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C \u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u6216\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><code>#define<\/code><\/strong> \u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e38\u91cf\u548c\u5b8f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code>#if<\/code>, <code>#ifdef<\/code>, <code>#else<\/code>, <code>#endif<\/code><\/strong> \u7528\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code>#include<\/code><\/strong> \u7528\u4e8e\u5305\u542b\u5916\u90e8\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code>#ifndef<\/code><\/strong> \u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u590d\u5305\u542b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><code>__FILE__<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>__LINE__<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>__DATE__<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>__TIME__<\/code><\/strong> \u7b49\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f16\u8bd1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C \u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5b8f\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u7b49\uff09 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-c"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3431"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3433,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3431\/revisions\/3433"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}