{"id":3443,"date":"2025-04-06T00:01:23","date_gmt":"2025-04-05T16:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3443"},"modified":"2025-04-06T00:01:23","modified_gmt":"2025-04-05T16:01:23","slug":"c-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e7%9a%84%e9%80%92%e5%bd%92%ef%bc%88recursion%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/06\/c-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e7%9a%84%e9%80%92%e5%bd%92%ef%bc%88recursion%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9012\u5f52\uff08Recursion\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u672c\u6587\u7cfb\u7edf\u6df1\u5165\u8bb2\u89e3 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u9012\u5f52\uff08Recursion\uff09\u201d\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8c03\u7528\u539f\u7406\u3001\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6808\u5206\u6790\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u597d\u5b83\u3001\u5b83\u7684\u9650\u5236\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udcd8 \u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u9012\u5f52\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u9012\u5f52<\/strong>\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u5df1<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2705 \u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. \u5fc5\u987b\u6709 \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff08Base Case\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u6bcf\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u671d\u7740\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\u201c\u9760\u8fd1\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u6808<\/strong>\u4fdd\u5b58\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n

    \ud83d\udccc \u4e8c\u3001\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    void recursive_function() {\n    if (\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6) {\n        return;  \/\/ base case\n    } else {\n        recursive_function();  \/\/ recursive case\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \ud83d\udcc2 \u4e09\u3001\u7ecf\u5178\u9012\u5f52\u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    1. \u9636\u4e58\uff08factorial\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    #include <stdio.h>\n\nint factorial(int n) {\n    if (n <= 1)\n        return 1;  \/\/ base case\n    return n * factorial(n - 1);  \/\/ recursive step\n}\n\nint main() {\n    printf(\"5! = %d\\n\", factorial(5));  \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa 120\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff08Fibonacci\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    int fibonacci(int n) {\n    if (n <= 1)\n        return n;\n    return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u26a0\ufe0f \u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5316\u641c\u7d22\uff08Memoization\uff09<\/strong>\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \ud83e\udde0 \u56db\u3001\u9012\u5f52\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406 \u2014\u2014 \u6808\u8c03\u7528\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u6bcf\u6b21\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u538b\u6808\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    f(3)\n \u2514\u2500 f(2)\n     \u2514\u2500 f(1)\n         \u2514\u2500 base case -> return<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u90fd\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    void countdown(int n) {\n    if (n == 0) {\n        printf(\"Done!\\n\");\n        return;\n    }\n    printf(\"%d\\n\", n);\n    countdown(n - 1);  \/\/ \u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \ud83e\uddee \u4e94\u3001\u9012\u5f52 vs \u8fed\u4ee3\uff08\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u9879\u76ee<\/th>\u9012\u5f52<\/th>\u8fed\u4ee3<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    \u53ef\u8bfb\u6027<\/td>\u9ad8\uff08\u66f4\u8d34\u8fd1\u6570\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\uff09<\/td>\u4e2d<\/td><\/tr>
    \u6027\u80fd<\/td>\u4f4e\uff08\u9891\u7e41\u538b\u6808\uff09<\/td>\u9ad8<\/td><\/tr>
    \u6808\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\u5360\u7528\u5927\uff08\u6709\u6ea2\u51fa\u98ce\u9669\uff09<\/td>\u5360\u7528\u5c0f<\/td><\/tr>
    \u573a\u666f<\/td>\u9002\u5408\u5206\u6cbb\u3001\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\u9002\u5408\u7ebf\u6027\u5904\u7406<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u2705 \u5e38\u89c1\u9002\u5408\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u904d\u5386\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u6c49\u8bfa\u5854\u3001\u56fe\u904d\u5386\uff08DFS\uff09\u3001\u5206\u6cbb\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \ud83d\udca5 \u516d\u3001\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u274c \u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\uff08stack overflow\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    void infinite() {\n    infinite();  \/\/ \u6ca1\u6709\u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n