{"id":3529,"date":"2025-04-13T13:54:06","date_gmt":"2025-04-13T05:54:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3529"},"modified":"2025-04-13T13:54:06","modified_gmt":"2025-04-13T05:54:06","slug":"c-%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%ef%bc%88interface%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/13\/c-%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%ef%bc%88interface%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"C# \u63a5\u53e3\uff08Interface\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u662f\u5173\u4e8e <strong>C# \u63a5\u53e3\uff08Interface\uff09<\/strong> \u7684\u5168\u9762\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ea7\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u7528\u9014\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u6743\u5a01\u6587\u6863\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u53e3\uff08<code>interface<\/code>\uff09\u662f C# \u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd <strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u5951\u7ea6\uff08contract\uff09<\/strong> \u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u7684\u7c7b\u6216\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 <strong>\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6216\u7d22\u5f15\u5668<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46 <strong>\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08\u9664\u975e\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\ud83c\udfaf \u672c\u8d28\uff1a\u53ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u201c\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4e49\u201c\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u7279\u6027<\/th><th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>interface<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49<\/td><td>\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u6210\u5458\u7b7e\u540d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u65e0\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\uff08C# 8.0+ \u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09<\/td><td>\u4ec5\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u5668<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u591a\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u88ab\u540c\u4e00\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0<\/td><td>\u652f\u6301\u591a\u63a5\u53e3\u7ee7\u627f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u63a5\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f<\/td><td>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ee7\u627f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public interface IAnimal {\n    void Speak();\n    string Name { get; set; }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class Dog : IAnimal {\n    public string Name { get; set; }\n\n    public void Speak() {\n        Console.WriteLine(\"Woof!\");\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u591a\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public interface IFly {\n    void Fly();\n}\n\npublic interface ISwim {\n    void Swim();\n}\n\npublic class Duck : IFly, ISwim {\n    public void Fly() =&gt; Console.WriteLine(\"Duck flying\");\n    public void Swim() =&gt; Console.WriteLine(\"Duck swimming\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u663e\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08\u907f\u514d\u547d\u540d\u51b2\u7a81\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public interface ILogger {\n    void Log();\n}\n\npublic class FileLogger : ILogger {\n    void ILogger.Log() {\n        Console.WriteLine(\"Logging to file\");\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ILogger logger = new FileLogger();\nlogger.Log(); \/\/ OK\n\/\/ fileLogger.Log(); \/\/ \u274c \u4e0d\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u63a5\u53e3 vs \u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6bd4\u8f83\u9879<\/th><th>\u63a5\u53e3<\/th><th>\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0<\/td><td>\u65e0\uff08\u9664\u975e C# 8+ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09<\/td><td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u591a\u7ee7\u627f<\/td><td>\u2705 \u652f\u6301<\/td><td>\u274c \u4e0d\u652f\u6301<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u9002\u5408\u573a\u666f<\/td><td>\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7c7b\u5171\u4eab\u529f\u80fd<\/td><td>\u4e00\u7ec4\u7c7b\u5171\u4eab\u57fa\u672c\u884c\u4e3a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/td><td>\u274c \u65e0<\/td><td>\u2705 \u6709<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5b57\u6bb5\u652f\u6301<\/td><td>\u274c \u65e0<\/td><td>\u2705 \u6709<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u573a\u666f<\/th><th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/td><td>\u4e0d\u540c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u540c\u4e00\u63a5\u53e3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165<\/strong><\/td><td>\u5b9e\u73b0\u677e\u8026\u5408\u7ed3\u6784<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u591a\u6001\u6027<\/strong><\/td><td>\u63a5\u53e3\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u6307\u5411\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/td><td>\u5229\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u66ff\u6362\u771f\u5b9e\u5b9e\u73b0\u505a Mock<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. \u63a5\u53e3\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08C# 8+\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public interface ILogger {\n    void Log(string message);\n\n    void LogInfo(string message) {\n        Log(\"INFO: \" + message); \/\/ \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u26a0\ufe0f \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u5411\u65e7\u63a5\u53e3\u65b0\u589e\u6210\u5458\u800c\u4e0d\u7834\u574f\u73b0\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. \u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2705 \u63a5\u53e3\u547d\u540d\u4ee5 <code>I<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\uff08\u5982 <code>IShape<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2705 \u53ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9e\u73b0\u903b\u8f91\uff08\u9664\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2705 \u63a5\u53e3\u7ec6\u5316\uff1a<strong>\u63a5\u53e3\u9694\u79bb\u539f\u5219\uff08ISP\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u63a5\u53e3 > \u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u63a5\u53e3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2705 \u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u505a\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u7f16\u7a0b\u9762\u5411\u63a5\u53e3\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2705 \u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f9d\u8d56\u66ff\u6362\uff08Mocking\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. \u6743\u5a01\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/dotnet\/csharp\/programming-guide\/interfaces\/\">\ud83d\udd17 Microsoft Learn &#8211; Interfaces<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/dotnet\/csharp\/language-reference\/keywords\/interface\">\ud83d\udd17 C# Language Reference: interface<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/dotnet\/standard\/choosing-core-framework-server\">\ud83d\udd17 Interface and Abstract Class Comparison<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. \u793a\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u7b80\u5316\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public interface IRepository&lt;T&gt; {\n    void Add(T item);\n    T GetById(int id);\n}\n\npublic class SqlRepository&lt;T&gt; : IRepository&lt;T&gt; {\n    public void Add(T item) { \/* \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93 *\/ }\n    public T GetById(int id) =&gt; default(T); \/\/ \u5047\u6570\u636e\n}\n\npublic class Service {\n    private IRepository&lt;User&gt; _repo;\n    public Service(IRepository&lt;User&gt; repo) {\n        _repo = repo;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u662f\u5173\u4e8e C# \u63a5\u53e3\uff08Interface\uff09 \u7684\u5168\u9762\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ea7\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u7528\u9014\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u3001\u5e38 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3530,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3529","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-c-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3529","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3529"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3529\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3531,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3529\/revisions\/3531"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3530"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3529"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3529"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3529"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}