{"id":3744,"date":"2025-05-28T23:45:39","date_gmt":"2025-05-28T15:45:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3744"},"modified":"2025-05-28T23:45:39","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T15:45:39","slug":"mysql-%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e5%ae%8c%e6%88%90%e5%90%8e%e6%97%a0%e6%b3%95%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%ef%bc%8c%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9c%89%e6%95%88%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/28\/mysql-%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e5%ae%8c%e6%88%90%e5%90%8e%e6%97%a0%e6%b3%95%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%ef%bc%8c%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9c%89%e6%95%88%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u6392\u67e5\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>MySQL \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f<strong>\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u5b89\u5168<\/strong>\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u603b\u7ed3\u7684<strong>\u6709\u6548\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#1\u6838\u5fc3\u6392\u67e5\u601d\u8def\">\u6838\u5fc3\u6392\u67e5\u601d\u8def<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#2\u8be6\u7ec6\u6392\u67e5\u6b65\u9aa4\">\u8be6\u7ec6\u6392\u67e5\u6b65\u9aa4<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#3\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\">\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#4\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u8d44\u6e90\">\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u8d44\u6e90<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u6392\u67e5\u601d\u8def<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u5411<\/th><th>\u5185\u5bb9\u7b80\u8ff0<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<\/td><td>\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u542f\u52a8\uff08Windows\/Mac\/Linux\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><td><code>my.cnf<\/code> \/ <code>my.ini<\/code> \u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7<\/td><td>\u67e5\u770b <code>error.log<\/code> \u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u7aef\u53e3\u51b2\u7a81<\/td><td>3306 \u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5360\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6570\u636e\u6743\u9650<\/td><td>\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u95ee\u9898<\/td><td>\u662f\u5426\u9057\u6f0f\u4e86 <code>--initialize<\/code> \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4\uff08\u9996\u6b21\u5b89\u88c5\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u5dee\u5f02<\/td><td>MSI\u3001ZIP\u3001APT\u3001YUM\u3001\u6e90\u7801\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u6392\u67e5\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u68c0\u67e5 MySQL \u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Linux\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>systemctl status mysqld\njournalctl -xeu mysqld<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Windows\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>services.msc   # \u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\nsc query mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u67e5\u770b MySQL \u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65e5\u5fd7\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Linux<\/strong>\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff09\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  \/var\/log\/mysql\/error.log\n  \/var\/log\/mysqld.log<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Windows<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  C:\\ProgramData\\MySQL\\MySQL Server X.X\\data\\*.err<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>macOS (brew \u5b89\u88c5)<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>  \/usr\/local\/var\/mysql\/$(hostname).err<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u67e5\u770b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 <code>my.cnf<\/code> \u6216 <code>my.ini<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u68c0\u67e5\u9879\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>[mysqld]<\/code> \u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5426\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>datadir<\/code> \u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>socket<\/code> \u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\u5b9e\u9645\u521b\u5efa\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>port<\/code> \u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u51b2\u7a81<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mysqld --verbose --help | grep -A 1 \"Default options\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u68c0\u67e5\u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>lsof -i :3306    # macOS \/ Linux\nnetstat -ano | findstr 3306   # Windows<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u88ab\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u6539\u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u6743\u9650\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u68c0\u67e5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -ld \/var\/lib\/mysql\nchown -R mysql:mysql \/var\/lib\/mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6743\u9650\u9519\u8bef\uff0cMySQL \u542f\u52a8\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u9996\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5fc5\u9700\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=\/usr\/local\/mysql --datadir=\/var\/lib\/mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u4e34\u65f6 root \u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u521d\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \u6e05\u7406\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u91cd\u542f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rm -rf \/var\/lib\/mysql\/ib*<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u26a0\ufe0f <strong>\u8c28\u614e\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5220\u9664 InnoDB \u7684\u7f13\u5b58\/\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ec5\u9650\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u5931\u8d25\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/th><th>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>mysqld: Can't create directory '\/var\/lib\/mysql\/'<\/code><\/td><td>\u68c0\u67e5\u6743\u9650\uff1a<code>chown -R mysql:mysql \/var\/lib\/mysql<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>InnoDB: Unable to lock .\/ibdata1, error: 11<\/code><\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u88ab\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5176\u4ed6 mysqld \u5b9e\u4f8b\u8fd0\u884c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '\/tmp\/mysql.sock'<\/code><\/td><td>socket \u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u672a\u542f\u52a8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file<\/code><\/td><td>\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u65e0\u6743\u9650\u5199\u5165 pid \u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'<\/code><\/td><td>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e root \u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u6216\u5bc6\u7801\u9519\u8bef<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u8d44\u6e90<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud83d\udd17 <strong>MySQL \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff08\u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25\u6392\u67e5\u7ae0\u8282\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<br><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/doc\/refman\/8.0\/en\/server-startup-failure.html\">https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/doc\/refman\/8.0\/en\/server-startup-failure.html<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udd17 <strong>\u5b98\u65b9\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bf4\u660e<\/strong>\uff1a<br><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/doc\/refman\/8.0\/en\/error-log.html\">https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/doc\/refman\/8.0\/en\/error-log.html<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udd17 <strong>MySQL \u5b89\u88c5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b98\u65b9\u6307\u5357<\/strong>\uff1a<br><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/doc\/refman\/8.0\/en\/data-directory-initialization.html\">https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/doc\/refman\/8.0\/en\/data-directory-initialization.html<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udcda <strong>\u793e\u533a\u5b9e\u8df5\u5e16\uff1a<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/456890971\">MySQL \u670d\u52a1\u65e0\u6cd5\u542f\u52a8\u6392\u67e5\u603b\u7ed3\uff08\u77e5\u4e4e\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/linyijian\/article\/details\/105236843\">MySQL \u7aef\u53e3\u5360\u7528\u89e3\u51b3\uff08CSDN\uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MySQL \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6392 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3745,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mysql"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3744"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3746,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3744\/revisions\/3746"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}