{"id":3762,"date":"2025-05-29T23:56:41","date_gmt":"2025-05-29T15:56:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3762"},"modified":"2025-05-29T23:56:41","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T15:56:41","slug":"python-%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e8%a1%8c%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/05\/29\/python-%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e8%a1%8c%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"Python \u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6790\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\u6700\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 argparse<\/code><\/a>\u3002\u5b83\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u811a\u672c\u5230\u590d\u6742 CLI \u5de5\u5177\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 argparse<\/code> \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
import argparse\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\nparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=\"\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u52a0\u6cd5\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\")\n\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\nparser.add_argument('a', type=int, help=\"\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\")\nparser.add_argument('b', type=int, help=\"\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\")\n\n# \u53ef\u9009\u53c2\u6570\nparser.add_argument('--verbose', action='store_true', help=\"\u663e\u793a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\")\n\n# \u89e3\u6790\u53c2\u6570\nargs = parser.parse_args()\n\n# \u6267\u884c\u903b\u8f91\nresult = args.a + args.b\nif args.verbose:\n    print(f\"\u6b63\u5728\u5c06 {args.a} \u4e0e {args.b} \u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a {result}\")\nelse:\n    print(result)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
python add.py 3 5\n# \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a8\n\npython add.py 3 5 --verbose\n# \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\u6b63\u5728\u5c06 3 \u4e0e 5 \u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a 8<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u9009\u9879\u8bf4\u660e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
type=int<\/code><\/td>\u6307\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/td><\/tr>
default=xxx<\/code><\/td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/td><\/tr>
required=True<\/code><\/td>\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b<\/td><\/tr>
choices=[a, b, c]<\/code><\/td>\u9650\u5236\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u8303\u56f4<\/td><\/tr>
action='store_true'<\/code><\/td>\u5e03\u5c14\u5f00\u5173\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5982 --verbose<\/code>\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
nargs='*' \/ '+' \/ '?'<\/code><\/td>\u6307\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u591a\u4e2a\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u4e09\u3001\u8fdb\u9636\uff1a\u5b50\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u6790\uff08\u5982 Git \u547d\u4ee4\u98ce\u683c\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
import argparse\n\nparser = argparse.ArgumentParser()\nsubparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command')\n\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u5b50\u547d\u4ee4\nadd_parser = subparsers.add_parser('add')\nadd_parser.add_argument('x', type=int)\nadd_parser.add_argument('y', type=int)\n\nargs = parser.parse_args()\nif args.command == 'add':\n    print(args.x + args.y)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
python tool.py add 4 5\n# \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a9<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u56db\u3001\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u7b80\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u5e93\u540d<\/th>\u7279\u70b9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
argparse<\/code><\/td>\u5b98\u65b9\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u6587\u6863\u4e30\u5bcc \u2705 \u63a8\u8350<\/td><\/tr>
click<\/code><\/td>\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u590d\u6742 CLI\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4f18\u96c5\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
typer<\/code><\/td>\u57fa\u4e8e click<\/code> \u548c Python 3.6+ \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7b80\u6d01<\/td><\/tr>
sys.argv<\/code><\/td>\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u624b\u52a8\u89e3\u6790\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u590d\u6742\u5e94\u7528\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\u4e94\u3001\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 sys.argv<\/code><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
import sys\n\na = int(sys.argv[1])\nb = int(sys.argv[2])\nprint(a + b)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4f46\u4e0d\u5177\u5907 --help<\/code>\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u7b49\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863 & \u51fa\u7ad9\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n