{"id":3816,"date":"2025-07-06T14:14:32","date_gmt":"2025-07-06T06:14:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=3816"},"modified":"2025-07-06T14:14:32","modified_gmt":"2025-07-06T06:14:32","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-xtrabackup-%e7%83%ad%e5%a4%87%e6%81%a2%e5%a4%8d-innodb-%e8%a1%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%b5%81%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/07\/06\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-xtrabackup-%e7%83%ad%e5%a4%87%e6%81%a2%e5%a4%8d-innodb-%e8%a1%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%b5%81%e7%a8%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528 xtrabackup \u70ed\u5907\u6062\u590d InnoDB \u8868\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.percona.com\/software\/mysql-database\/percona-xtrabackup\">Percona XtraBackup<\/a> \u5bf9 InnoDB \u8868\u8fdb\u884c<strong>\u70ed\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d<\/strong>\uff0c\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7 MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301<strong>\u4e0d\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e1a\u52a1\u5730\u5907\u4efd InnoDB \u5f15\u64ce\u8868<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50cf <code>mysqldump<\/code> \u4e00\u6837\u53ea\u505a\u903b\u8f91\u5bfc\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001XtraBackup \u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u7279\u6027<\/th><th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u70ed\u5907\uff08Hot Backup\uff09<\/td><td>\u4e0d\u9501\u8868\uff0c\u5728\u7ebf\u5907\u4efd InnoDB \u6570\u636e\uff08\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u90e8\u5206 MyISAM\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d<\/td><td>\u76f4\u63a5\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u76f8\u6bd4 mysqldump \u5feb\u51e0\u5341\u500d\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u589e\u91cf\u5907\u4efd<\/td><td>\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<\/td><td>Percona Server, MySQL, MariaDB\uff085.6~8.0\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001XtraBackup \u5b89\u88c5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.Linux\uff08Ubuntu\/Debian\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt update\nsudo apt install percona-xtrabackup-80<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.CentOS\/RHEL<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo yum install https:\/\/repo.percona.com\/yum\/percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm\nsudo percona-release enable tools release\nsudo yum install percona-xtrabackup-80<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u5168\u91cf\u70ed\u5907\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u70ed\u5907\u4efd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>xtrabackup --user=root --password='your_pwd' \\\n  --backup --target-dir=\/data\/backups\/full_$(date +%F)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>--backup<\/code>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u5907\u4efd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>--target-dir<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u6388\u6743\u53ea\u5907\u4efd\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>GRANT RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'backup'@'localhost';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u51c6\u5907\uff08Prepare\uff09\u5907\u4efd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=\/data\/backups\/full_2025-07-06<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u2757\u5fc5\u987b\u6267\u884c\u51c6\u5907\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u5e94\u7528 redo log\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u6062\u590d\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08\u6062\u590d\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u505c\u6b62 MySQL \u670d\u52a1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl stop mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5907\u4efd\u539f\u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mv \/var\/lib\/mysql \/var\/lib\/mysql.bak.$(date +%F)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u62f7\u8d1d\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u56de\u539f\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=\/data\/backups\/full_2025-07-06<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><code>--copy-back<\/code> \u4f1a\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u81f3 <code>--datadir<\/code>\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4 <code>\/var\/lib\/mysql<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u8d4b\u4e88 MySQL \u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chown -R mysql:mysql \/var\/lib\/mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u91cd\u542f MySQL<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl start mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001\u6062\u590d\u5355\u5f20 InnoDB \u8868\uff08\u8868\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece MySQL 5.6 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c<strong>\u542f\u7528 innodb_file_per_table = ON<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a <code>.ibd<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5<strong>\u5355\u72ec\u6062\u590d\u5355\u8868<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u5907\u4efd\u83b7\u53d6 <code>mytable.ibd<\/code><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cp \/data\/backups\/full_2025-07-06\/dbname\/mytable.ibd \/tmp\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u5728\u76ee\u6807 MySQL \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE TABLE mytable (...) ENGINE=InnoDB;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. DISCARD TABLESPACE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ALTER TABLE mytable DISCARD TABLESPACE;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u7684 <code>.ibd<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u5c06\u5907\u4efd\u7684 <code>.ibd<\/code> \u62f7\u8d1d\u56de\u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cp \/tmp\/mytable.ibd \/var\/lib\/mysql\/dbname\/\nchown mysql:mysql \/var\/lib\/mysql\/dbname\/mytable.ibd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. IMPORT TABLESPACE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ALTER TABLE mytable IMPORT TABLESPACE;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>.ibd<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u539f\u59cb\u73af\u5883\uff08\u76f8\u540c innodb_page_size \u548c\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5982\u679c <code>innodb_checksum_algorithm<\/code> \u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u8d25<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 <code>SHOW WARNINGS;<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u5bfc\u5165\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001\u589e\u91cf\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u9996\u6b21\u5907\u4efd\uff08\u5168\u91cf\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>xtrabackup --backup --target-dir=\/backup\/base \\\n  --user=root --password=xxx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u589e\u91cf\u5907\u4efd\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e base\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>xtrabackup --backup --target-dir=\/backup\/inc1 \\\n  --incremental-basedir=\/backup\/base \\\n  --user=root --password=xxx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u6062\u590d\u987a\u5e8f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Step1: \u51c6\u5907\u5168\u91cf\u5907\u4efd\nxtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only --target-dir=\/backup\/base\n\n# Step2: \u5e94\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u589e\u91cf\nxtrabackup --prepare --apply-log-only \\\n  --target-dir=\/backup\/base --incremental-dir=\/backup\/inc1\n\n# Step3: \u6700\u7ec8\u63d0\u4ea4\uff08\u4e0d\u52a0 apply-log-only\uff09\nxtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=\/backup\/base<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e03\u3001\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u6863<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud83d\udee0 <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.percona.com\/percona-xtrabackup\/\">Percona XtraBackup \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udcd8 <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.percona.com\/percona-xtrabackup\/8.0\/innodb-file-per-table.html\">XtraBackup \u5355\u8868\u6062\u590d\u6307\u5357<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udcd8 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.percona.com\/blog\/tag\/xtrabackup\/\">Percona \u5b98\u65b9\u535a\u5ba2\uff1a\u6062\u590d InnoDB<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83e\uddea <a href=\"https:\/\/dev.mysql.com\/doc\/refman\/8.0\/en\/tablespace-copying.html\">InnoDB Tablespace Import<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516b\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u95ee\u9898<\/th><th>\u89e3\u51b3<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u8868\u5bfc\u5165\u65f6\u62a5\u9519 checksum mismatch<\/td><td>\u786e\u4fdd\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>xtrabackup \u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/td><td>\u5c3d\u91cf\u7528\u4e0e MySQL \u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u7248\u672c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u592a\u5927<\/td><td>\u5f00\u542f\u589e\u91cf\u5907\u4efd\u7b56\u7565<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898<\/td><td>\u786e\u4fdd <code>mysql<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528 Percona XtraBackup \u5bf9 InnoDB \u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u70ed\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7 MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5b89 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3817,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mysql"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3816","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3816"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3816\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3818,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3816\/revisions\/3818"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3817"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}