{"id":534,"date":"2024-12-25T23:50:48","date_gmt":"2024-12-25T15:50:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=534"},"modified":"2024-12-25T23:50:48","modified_gmt":"2024-12-25T15:50:48","slug":"%e5%90%8e%e7%ab%af%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e9%99%a4%e4%ba%86%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0nodejs%e5%92%8cexpressjs%e5%a4%96%ef%bc%8c%e8%bf%98%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2024\/12\/25\/%e5%90%8e%e7%ab%af%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e9%99%a4%e4%ba%86%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0nodejs%e5%92%8cexpressjs%e5%a4%96%ef%bc%8c%e8%bf%98%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%9a%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u9664\u4e86\u5b66\u4e60Nodejs\u548cExpressjs\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u5b66\u4e60 Node.js \u548c Express.js \u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u826f\u597d\u5f00\u7aef\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u548c\u62d3\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. Node.js \u548c Express.js \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5b66\u4e60 Node.js \u548c Express.js \u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u638c\u63e1\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Node.js<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08CommonJS\u3001ESM\uff09\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08Promise\u3001async\/await\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u5185\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\uff1afs<\/code>\u3001http<\/code>\u3001path<\/code>\u3001stream<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Express.js<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u8def\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u3001\u5d4c\u5957\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff1a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u5904\u7406 GET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE \u7b49 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\uff1aexpress.static<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u5982 EJS \u6216 Handlebars\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n

    2. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0e ORM \u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u57fa\u7840<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • SQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982 MySQL\u3001PostgreSQL\uff09\uff1a\u5b66\u4e60\u57fa\u7840\u589e\u5220\u6539\u67e5\u548c\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • NoSQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982 MongoDB\uff09\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u6587\u6863\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • ORM \u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Sequelize\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e SQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09\u6216 Mongoose\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e MongoDB\uff09\uff0c\u5b66\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5206\u9875\u3001\u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n

      3. API \u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u73b0\u4ee3\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b API \u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u4ee5\u4e0b\u80fd\u529b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • RESTful API<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u8303\uff1a\u8d44\u6e90\u547d\u540d\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • GraphQL<\/strong>\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u53d8\u66f4\uff08Query\/Mutation\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • JWT\uff08JSON Web Token\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • OAuth 2.0 \u6216 Session \u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u4f7f\u7528 multer<\/code> \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n

        4. \u9879\u76ee\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        \u968f\u7740\u9879\u76ee\u89c4\u6a21\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • \u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • MVC\uff08\u6a21\u578b-\u89c6\u56fe-\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u5206\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08\u8def\u7531\u5c42\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c42\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u4f7f\u7528 .env<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u4f7f\u7528 winston<\/code> \u6216 morgan<\/code> \u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u96c6\u6210\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982 New Relic\u3001PM2\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n

          5. \u90e8\u7f72\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7ef4<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          \u5c06\u540e\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5982 AWS\u3001\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\uff09\u6216 PaaS \u5e73\u53f0\uff08\u5982 Heroku\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff08\u5982 Nginx\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u4e0e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u57fa\u672c\u7684 Docker \u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a\u521b\u5efa Docker \u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u7f16\u5199 Dockerfile\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • CI\/CD\uff1a\u5b66\u4e60 GitHub Actions\u3001Jenkins \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n

            6. \u540e\u7aef\u5b89\u5168<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            \u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • \u5e38\u89c1\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3001XSS\uff08\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\uff09\u3001CSRF\uff08\u8de8\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528 bcrypt<\/code> \u52a0\u5bc6\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • SSL\/TLS \u914d\u7f6e\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u8f93\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u4f7f\u7528 express-validator<\/code> \u6216 Joi<\/code> \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \n\n\n\n

              7. \u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u9636\u6846\u67b6<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              Express.js \u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u9700\u6c42\u590d\u6742\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • NestJS<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e TypeScript \u7684\u5168\u6808\u540e\u7aef\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u548c\u5185\u7f6e\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Koa.js<\/strong>\uff1a\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u3001\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \n\n\n\n

                8. \u5b66\u4e60\u5168\u6808\u5f00\u53d1\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                \u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u7aef\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u540e\u7aef\u4ea4\u4e92\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u5347\u534f\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • \u5b66\u4e60\u524d\u7aef\u6846\u67b6\uff08\u5982 React\u3001Vue\u3001Angular\uff09\uff0c\u7406\u89e3 API \u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u5b66\u4e60 WebSocket\u3001Socket.IO \u7b49\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5b9e\u65f6\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  \n\n\n\n

                  \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  Node.js \u548c Express.js \u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001API \u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u7b49\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u9010\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u4f60\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u603b\u7ed3\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u6210\u957f\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  \u5b66\u4e60 Node.js \u548c Express.js \u662f\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u826f\u597d\u5f00\u7aef\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[72],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nosql"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=534"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":535,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/534\/revisions\/535"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}