{"id":634,"date":"2025-01-01T10:47:31","date_gmt":"2025-01-01T02:47:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=634"},"modified":"2025-01-01T10:47:31","modified_gmt":"2025-01-01T02:47:31","slug":"mysql-%e4%b8%ad-check-%e7%ba%a6%e6%9d%9f%e4%b8%8d%e8%b5%b7%e4%bd%9c%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%8c%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e5%8e%9f%e5%9b%a0%ef%bc%8c%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%e5%8f%af%e8%a1%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/01\/mysql-%e4%b8%ad-check-%e7%ba%a6%e6%9d%9f%e4%b8%8d%e8%b5%b7%e4%bd%9c%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%8c%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e5%8e%9f%e5%9b%a0%ef%bc%8c%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%e5%8f%af%e8%a1%8c\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL \u4e2d\u00a0CHECK\u00a0\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

MySQL \u4e2d\u7684 CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7248\u672c\uff085.6\u53ca\u4ee5\u524d\uff09\u4e2d\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a SQL \u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4ece MySQL 8.0.16 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0cMySQL \u6b63\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u6216\u8005\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cCHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u9884\u671f\u4e0d\u7b26\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8 MySQL \u4e2d CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ca\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1.1 MySQL \u7248\u672c\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 MySQL 5.6 \u6216\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0cCHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u5e76\u672a\u88ab\u771f\u6b63\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u5728\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u58f0\u660e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CREATE TABLE my_table (\n    id INT PRIMARY KEY,\n    age INT CHECK (age >= 18)\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728 MySQL 5.6 \u53ca\u4ee5\u524d\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\uff0cMySQL \u4e5f\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5b83\uff0c\u63d2\u5165 age<\/code> \u5c0f\u4e8e 18 \u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.2 MySQL 8.0.16+ \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u4ece MySQL 8.0.16 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0cCHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u53ea\u80fd\u9650\u5236\u5355\u4e2a\u5217\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u7b80\u5355\u7684 SQL \u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728 CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0cCHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u9884\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    2. \u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 MySQL \u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6216 CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6309\u9884\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    2.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\uff08Triggers\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0 age<\/code> \u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    CREATE TRIGGER check_age_before_insert\nBEFORE INSERT ON my_table\nFOR EACH ROW\nBEGIN\n    IF NEW.age < 18 THEN\n        SIGNAL SQLSTATE '45000' SET MESSAGE_TEXT = 'Age must be at least 18';\n    END IF;\nEND;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u89e3\u91ca<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u8be5\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u5728 INSERT<\/code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u9a8c\u8bc1 age<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c age<\/code> \u5c0f\u4e8e 18\uff0c\u5219\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\uff08SIGNAL SQLSTATE<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u63d2\u5165\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 INSERT<\/code>\u3001UPDATE<\/code> \u6216 DELETE<\/code> \u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d\u7b26\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      2.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u9762\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      def validate_age(age):\n    if age < 18:\n        raise ValueError(\"Age must be at least 18\")\n\n# \u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\nage = 25\nvalidate_age(age)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6570\u636e\u624d\u80fd\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      2.3 \u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u65f6\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9a8c\u8bc1 age<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      DELIMITER \/\/\n\nCREATE PROCEDURE InsertPerson(IN p_name VARCHAR(100), IN p_age INT)\nBEGIN\n    IF p_age < 18 THEN\n        SIGNAL SQLSTATE '45000' SET MESSAGE_TEXT = 'Age must be at least 18';\n    ELSE\n        INSERT INTO my_table (name, age) VALUES (p_name, p_age);\n    END IF;\nEND \/\/\n\nDELIMITER ;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u8c03\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      CALL InsertPerson('John Doe', 16);  -- \u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u63d2\u5165\nCALL InsertPerson('Jane Doe', 25);  -- \u4f1a\u63d2\u5165\u6210\u529f<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u89e3\u91ca<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u68c0\u67e5\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c06\u903b\u8f91\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bf9 my_table<\/code> \u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u4ec5\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        2.4 \u4f7f\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\uff08Views\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u5bf9\u8868\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u89c6\u56fe\u6765\u9650\u5236\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8 age >= 18<\/code> \u7684\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        CREATE VIEW valid_people AS\nSELECT * FROM my_table WHERE age >= 18;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u89c6\u56fe\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u57fa\u7840\u8868\u6765\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u67e5\u8be2\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        2.5 \u4f7f\u7528 CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ee3\u7406\uff09<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5916\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6216\u4ee3\u7406\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528 API \u7f51\u5173\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u5728 MySQL 5.6 \u53ca\u4e4b\u524d\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0cCHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u4e0d\u751f\u6548\uff0cMySQL \u53ea\u662f\u5c06\u5b83\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e76\u672a\u6267\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u5728 MySQL 8.0.16 \u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0cCHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u88ab\u6b63\u5f0f\u652f\u6301\u5e76\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u5982\u679c MySQL \u7684 CHECK<\/code> \u7ea6\u675f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6848\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3001MySQL \u7248\u672c\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u8003\u8651\u8fdb\u884c\u6743\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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