{"id":651,"date":"2025-01-01T18:23:25","date_gmt":"2025-01-01T10:23:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=651"},"modified":"2025-01-01T18:23:25","modified_gmt":"2025-01-01T10:23:25","slug":"vue-js%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/01\/vue-js%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"Vue.js\u4f7f\u7528\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

Vue.js \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e10\u8fdb\u5f0f\u7684 JavaScript \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u64c5\u957f\u5355\u9875\u5e94\u7528\uff08SPA\uff09\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3002Vue.js \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5e93\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u89c6\u56fe\u5c42\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684 API \u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5316\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u6784\u5efa\u52a8\u6001\u7684 web \u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4e3a\u4f60\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd Vue.js \u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff08Vue 3\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec \u7ec4\u5408\u5f0f API<\/strong>\u3001\u7ec4\u4ef6\u901a\u4fe1<\/strong>\u3001\u6307\u4ee4<\/strong>\u3001Vue Router<\/strong>\u3001Vuex<\/strong>\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u5165\u95e8\u5e76\u638c\u63e1 Vue.js\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1. \u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vue 3 \u662f Vue.js \u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u65b0\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7ec4\u5408\u5f0f API\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7b49\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Vue CLI \u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u5165 CDN \u6765\u5f00\u59cb\u4f60\u7684 Vue \u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u4f7f\u7528 Vue CLI \u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 Node.js<\/a> \u548c npm<\/a>\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 Vue CLI \u521b\u5efa Vue 3 \u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# \u5b89\u88c5 Vue CLI\uff08\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\uff09\nnpm install -g @vue\/cli\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 Vue 3 \u9879\u76ee\nvue create my-project\n\n# \u9009\u62e9 Vue 3 \u914d\u7f6e\uff08Vue 3 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u652f\u6301\u7ec4\u5408\u5f0f API\uff09\ncd my-project\nnpm run serve<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Vue \u9879\u76ee\u4f1a\u5728 http:\/\/localhost:8080<\/code> \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.2 \u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 CDN \u5f15\u5165 Vue<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u60f3\u5b89\u88c5 Node.js\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 CDN \u5f15\u5165 Vue.js\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/vue@3.2.45\/dist\/vue.global.js\"><\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
2. Vue 3 \u57fa\u7840<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
2.1 Vue \u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5728 Vue 3 \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 createApp<\/code> \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Vue \u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<div id=\"app\"><\/div>\n\n<script>\n  const { createApp } = Vue;\n\n  createApp({\n    data() {\n      return {\n        message: 'Hello, Vue 3!'\n      };\n    }\n  }).mount('#app');\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 Vue 3 \u4e2d\u7684 createApp<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Vue \u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u6302\u8f7d\u5230 DOM \u5143\u7d20 #app<\/code> \u4e0a\u3002data<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0cVue \u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.2 \u6a21\u677f\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08Template Syntax\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Vue 3 \u4f9d\u7136\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e Vue 2 \u7684\u6a21\u677f\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<div id=\"app\">\n  <h1>{{ message }}<\/h1>\n  <button @click=\"updateMessage\">Update Message<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\n  const { createApp } = Vue;\n\n  createApp({\n    data() {\n      return {\n        message: 'Hello, Vue 3!'\n      };\n    },\n    methods: {\n      updateMessage() {\n        this.message = 'Message Updated!';\n      }\n    }\n  }).mount('#app');\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • {{ message }}<\/code>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0cVue \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6e32\u67d3\u5230\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • @click=\"updateMessage\"<\/code>\uff1a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c@click<\/code> \u662f v-on:click<\/code> \u7684\u7b80\u5199\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\u6267\u884c updateMessage<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    3. Vue 3 \u7ec4\u5408\u5f0f API (Composition API)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Vue 3 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u7ec4\u5408\u5f0f API\uff08Composition API\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u590d\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408\u5927\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    3.1 setup<\/code> \u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \u5728 Vue 3 \u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a setup<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\u3002setup<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 reactive<\/code>\u3001ref<\/code>\u3001computed<\/code>\u3001watch<\/code> \u7b49 API\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <template>\n  <div>\n    <h1>{{ message }}<\/h1>\n    <button @click=\"updateMessage\">Update Message<\/button>\n  <\/div>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\nimport { ref } from 'vue';\n\nexport default {\n  setup() {\n    const message = ref('Hello, Vue 3!');\n\n    const updateMessage = () => {\n      message.value = 'Message Updated!';\n    };\n\n    return {\n      message,\n      updateMessage\n    };\n  }\n};\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • ref<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\uff0cmessage.value<\/code> \u662f\u5176\u503c\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • setup<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      3.2 \u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\uff1aref<\/code> \u548c reactive<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • ref<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • reactive<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        import { reactive, ref } from 'vue';\n\nexport default {\n  setup() {\n    const count = ref(0); \/\/ \u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\n    const state = reactive({ count: 0, message: 'Hello' }); \/\/ \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\n\n    return {\n      count,\n      state\n    };\n  }\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • ref<\/code> \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • reactive<\/code> \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u7b49\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          3.3 \u8ba1\u7b97\u5c5e\u6027\uff1acomputed<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          computed<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          import { computed, ref } from 'vue';\n\nexport default {\n  setup() {\n    const count = ref(0);\n    const doubleCount = computed(() => count.value * 2);\n\n    return {\n      count,\n      doubleCount\n    };\n  }\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          3.4 \u76d1\u542c\uff1awatch<\/code> \u548c watchEffect<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • watch<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u4fa6\u542c\u67d0\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • watchEffect<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4fa6\u542c\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6240\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            import { ref, watch } from 'vue';\n\nexport default {\n  setup() {\n    const count = ref(0);\n\n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 watch \u76d1\u542c count \u53d8\u5316\n    watch(count, (newVal, oldVal) => {\n      console.log(`count changed from ${oldVal} to ${newVal}`);\n    });\n\n    return {\n      count\n    };\n  }\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            4. \u7ec4\u4ef6\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            Vue \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            4.1 \u7236\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5411\u5b50\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\uff1aprops<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            <!-- ParentComponent.vue -->\n<template>\n  <ChildComponent :message=\"parentMessage\" \/>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\nimport ChildComponent from '.\/ChildComponent.vue';\n\nexport default {\n  components: { ChildComponent },\n  data() {\n    return {\n      parentMessage: 'Hello from Parent!'\n    };\n  }\n};\n<\/script>\n\n<!-- ChildComponent.vue -->\n<template>\n  <p>{{ message }}<\/p>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\nexport default {\n  props: ['message']\n};\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            4.2 \u5b50\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5411\u7236\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\uff1a$emit<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            <!-- ParentComponent.vue -->\n<template>\n  <ChildComponent @message-changed=\"handleMessageChange\" \/>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\nimport ChildComponent from '.\/ChildComponent.vue';\n\nexport default {\n  components: { ChildComponent },\n  methods: {\n    handleMessageChange(newMessage) {\n      console.log(newMessage);\n    }\n  }\n};\n<\/script>\n\n<!-- ChildComponent.vue -->\n<template>\n  <button @click=\"changeMessage\">Change Message<\/button>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\nexport default {\n  methods: {\n    changeMessage() {\n      this.$emit('message-changed', 'Hello from Child!');\n    }\n  }\n};\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            5. Vue Router\uff1a\u524d\u7aef\u8def\u7531<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            Vue Router \u662f Vue.js \u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u5355\u9875\u5e94\u7528\uff08SPA\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            5.1 \u5b89\u88c5 Vue Router<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            npm install vue-router@4<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            5.2 \u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \/\/ router\/index.js\nimport { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router';\nimport Home from '..\/components\/Home.vue';\nimport About from '..\/components\/About.vue';\n\nconst routes = [\n  { path: '\/', component: Home },\n  { path: '\/about', component: About }\n];\n\nconst router = createRouter({\n  history: createWebHistory(),\n  routes\n});\n\nexport default router;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            5.3 \u5728\u4e3b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \/\/ main.js\nimport { createApp } from 'vue';\nimport App from '.\/App.vue';\nimport router from '.\/router';\n\ncreateApp(App).use(router).mount('#app');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            5.4 \u8def\u7531\u94fe\u63a5\u548c\u89c6\u56fe<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            <template>\n  <nav>\n    <router-link to=\"\/\">Home<\/router-link>\n    <router-link to=\"\/about\">About<\/router-link>\n  <\/nav>\n\n  <router-view><\/router-view>\n<\/template><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            6. Vuex\uff1a\u72b6\u6001\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            Vuex \u662f Vue.js \u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7ba1\u7406\u5e93\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            6.1 \u5b89\u88c5 Vuex<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            npm install vuex@4<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            6.2 \u521b\u5efa Store<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \/\/ store\/index.js\nimport { createStore } from 'vuex';\n\nconst store = createStore({\n  state() {\n    return {\n      count: 0\n    };\n  },\n  mutations: {\n    increment(state) {\n      state.count++;\n    }\n  }\n});\n\nexport default store;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            6.3 \u5728\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Vuex<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \/\/ main.js\nimport { createApp } from 'vue';\nimport App from '.\/App.vue';\nimport store from '.\/store';\n\ncreateApp(App).use(store).mount('#app');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            6.4 \u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Vuex<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            <template>\n  <div>\n    <p>Count: {{ count }}<\/p>\n    <button @click=\"increment\">Increment<\/button>\n  <\/div>\n<\/template>\n\n<script>\nexport default {\n  computed: {\n    count() {\n      return this.$store.state.count;\n    }\n  },\n  methods: {\n    increment() {\n      this.$store.commit('increment');\n    }\n  }\n};\n<\/script><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            Vue 3 \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u4e0e\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u5408\u5f0f API\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001Vue Router \u548c Vuex \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\uff0cVue 3 \u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6559\u7a0b\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b Vue 3\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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