{"id":843,"date":"2025-01-11T11:41:25","date_gmt":"2025-01-11T03:41:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=843"},"modified":"2025-01-11T11:41:25","modified_gmt":"2025-01-11T03:41:25","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%aepython%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%ef%bc%9a%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%e4%b8%8e%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/11\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%aepython%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%ef%bc%9a%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%e4%b8%8e%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6ePython\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u5b8c\u6574\u6307\u5357\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u914d\u7f6ePython\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2aPython\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3001\u907f\u514d\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u914d\u7f6ePython\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>\u5b89\u88c5Python<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Windows<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee<a href=\"https:\/\/www.python.org\/downloads\/\">Python\u5b98\u7f51<\/a>\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u9002\u7528\u4e8eWindows\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u754c\u9762\u52fe\u9009\u201cAdd Python to PATH\u201d\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u201cInstall Now\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 <code>python --version<\/code> \u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>macOS<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7<a href=\"https:\/\/brew.sh\/\">Homebrew<\/a>\u5b89\u88c5Python\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff09\uff1a<br><code>bash brew install python<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Linux<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8eDebian\/Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<br><code>bash sudo apt update sudo apt install python3<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406Python\u5305<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip<\/code><\/strong>\uff1aPython\u81ea\u5e26<code>pip<\/code>\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u786e\u4fdd<code>pip<\/code>\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<br><code>bash python -m ensurepip --upgrade<\/code><br>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip<\/code>\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<br><code>bash pip install numpy<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u521b\u5efa\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5305\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u95f4\u7684\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5 <code>virtualenv<\/code>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5c1a\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\uff09\uff1a<br><code>bash pip install virtualenv<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<br><code>bash virtualenv venv<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<ul><li><strong>Windows<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li><\/ul><code>.\\venv\\Scripts\\activate<\/code><ul><li><strong>macOS\/Linux<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li><\/ul><code>source venv\/bin\/activate<\/code> \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pip<\/code> \u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5e93\u90fd\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5168\u5c40\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u5b89\u88c5IDE\/\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>PyCharm<\/strong>\uff1a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684Python IDE\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u8865\u5168\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u3001\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com\/pycharm\/\">\u5b98\u7f51<\/a>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>VS Code<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u4f46\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u652f\u6301Python\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u7684Python\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece<a href=\"https:\/\/code.visualstudio.com\/\">\u5b98\u7f51<\/a>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5Python\u63d2\u4ef6\uff1a\u6253\u5f00VS Code\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u63d2\u4ef6\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u201cPython\u201d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jupyter Notebook<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4ece\u4e8b\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u6216\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0cJupyter Notebook\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u5730\u6267\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5Jupyter\uff1a<br><code>bash pip install notebook<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. <strong>\u5b89\u88c5\u5e38\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<code>Git<\/code>\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<br><code>bash sudo apt install git # Linux brew install git # macOS<\/code>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u914d\u7f6eGit\u5e76\u8fde\u63a5GitHub\/GitLab\u7b49\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5e38\u7528Python\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a<ul><li><code>numpy<\/code>\u3001<code>pandas<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/li><li><code>matplotlib<\/code>\u3001<code>seaborn<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002<\/li><li><code>requests<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li><li><code>flask<\/code>\u3001<code>django<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8eWeb\u5f00\u53d1\u3002 \u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\uff1a<\/li><\/ul><code>pip install numpy pandas matplotlib seaborn requests flask django<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. <strong>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9075\u5faa\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u540e\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   my_project\/\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 venv\/                  # \u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 src\/                   # \u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\n   \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py\n   \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 main.py\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 requirements.txt       # \u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 README.md              # \u9879\u76ee\u6587\u6863\n   \u2514\u2500\u2500 tests\/                 # \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\n       \u251c\u2500\u2500 test_main.py<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>requirements.txt<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6216\u90e8\u7f72\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u751f\u6210 <code>requirements.txt<\/code>\uff1a<br><code>bash pip freeze > requirements.txt<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. <strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8c03\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728IDE\uff08\u5982PyCharm\u6216VS Code\uff09\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u8c03\u8bd5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u8c03\u8bd5Python\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570IDE\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9\u548c\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>unittest<\/code>\u6216<code>pytest<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<br><code>bash pip install pytest<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. <strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u5e38\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Docker<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u9694\u79bb\u73af\u5883\u6216\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528Docker\u6765\u6253\u5305\u4f60\u7684Python\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CI\/CD\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\/\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982GitHub Actions\u3001Jenkins\u7b49\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u914d\u7f6ePython\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u5305\u62ec\u5b89\u88c5Python\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684IDE\/\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u5e38\u7528\u5e93\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u5e76\u907f\u514d\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u7b49\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u914d\u7f6ePython\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2aPython\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3001\u907f\u514d\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u786e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-843","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/843","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=843"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/843\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":844,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/843\/revisions\/844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=843"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=843"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=843"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}