{"id":866,"date":"2025-01-11T11:59:38","date_gmt":"2025-01-11T03:59:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=866"},"modified":"2025-01-11T11:59:38","modified_gmt":"2025-01-11T03:59:38","slug":"ython%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b6%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%9a%e5%85%a8%e9%9d%a2%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/11\/ython%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b6%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%9a%e5%85%a8%e9%9d%a2%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90\/","title":{"rendered":"ython\u5e38\u89c1\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u5168\u9762\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

Python\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u638c\u63e1Python\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2aPython\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5bf9Python\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3001\u7528\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1. \u6570\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b (Numbers)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6570\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u662fPython\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Python\u652f\u6301\u6574\u6570\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u548c\u590d\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 \u6574\u6570 (int)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u5c0f\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a = 10        # \u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u6574\u6570\nb = 0b1010     # \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6574\u6570\uff080b\u5f00\u5934\uff09\nc = 0o12       # \u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6574\u6570\uff080o\u5f00\u5934\uff09\nd = 0xA        # \u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6574\u6570\uff080x\u5f00\u5934\uff09\n\nprint(a, b, c, d)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a10 10 10 10<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1.2 \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570 (float)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u6709\u5c0f\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
x = 3.14       # \u6807\u51c6\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\ny = 1.0        # \u4e5f\u662f\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\nz = -2.75      # \u8d1f\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\n\nprint(x, y, z)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a3.14 1.0 -2.75<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1.3 \u590d\u6570 (complex)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u590d\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5177\u6709\u865a\u90e8\u548c\u5b9e\u90e8\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a = 2 + 3j      # \u590d\u6570\uff0c2\u662f\u5b9e\u90e8\uff0c3\u662f\u865a\u90e8\nb = 1 - 1j\n\nprint(a, b)      # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a(2+3j) (1-1j)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b (str)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u7531\u5b57\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u3001\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u548c\u4e09\u5f15\u53f7\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
s1 = \"Hello, Python!\"  # \u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\ns2 = 'Python is fun'   # \u5355\u5f15\u53f7\ns3 = \"\"\"This is a \nmulti-line string.\"\"\"  # \u4e09\u5f15\u53f7\n\nprint(s1, s2, s3)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
s = \"Hello\"\nprint(s.upper())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aHELLO\nprint(s.lower())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1ahello\nprint(s[0])       # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aH\nprint(s[1:4])     # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aell<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. \u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u578b (list)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5217\u8868\u662fPython\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6709\u5e8f\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
lst = [1, 2, 3, \"apple\", 3.14]\nprint(lst)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[1, 2, 3, 'apple', 3.14]\n\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\nprint(lst[0])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a1\nprint(lst[-1]) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a3.14\n\n# \u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20\nlst[3] = \"orange\"\nprint(lst)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[1, 2, 3, 'orange', 3.14]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5217\u8868\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
lst.append(5)       # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\nprint(lst)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[1, 2, 3, 'orange', 3.14, 5]\n\nlst.remove(3)       # \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nprint(lst)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[1, 2, 'orange', 3.14, 5]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. \u5143\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b (tuple)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5143\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u5143\u7ec4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5143\u7ec4\u9002\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tup = (1, 2, 3, \"apple\", 3.14)\nprint(tup)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a(1, 2, 3, 'apple', 3.14)\n\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\nprint(tup[0])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5143\u7ec4\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
# \u5143\u7ec4\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5d4c\u5957\ntup2 = (1, 2, (3, 4))\nprint(tup2[2][0])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a3<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. \u96c6\u5408\u7c7b\u578b (set)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u96c6\u5408\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u5e8f\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u552f\u4e00\u3002\u96c6\u5408\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
s = {1, 2, 3, 3, 4}\nprint(s)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{1, 2, 3, 4}\n\n# \u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\ns.add(5)        # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\nprint(s)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}\n\ns.remove(2)     # \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\nprint(s)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{1, 3, 4, 5}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
6. \u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b (dict)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u65e0\u5e8f\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u5b83\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5173\u8054\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7531\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u952e\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
d = {\"name\": \"Alice\", \"age\": 25, \"city\": \"New York\"}\nprint(d)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}\n\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u503c\nprint(d[\"name\"])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aAlice\n\n# \u4fee\u6539\u503c\nd[\"age\"] = 26\nprint(d)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26, 'city': 'New York'}\n\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nd[\"email\"] = \"alice@example.com\"\nprint(d)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26, 'city': 'New York', 'email': 'alice@example.com'}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. \u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b (bool)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u903b\u8f91\u503c\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d6\u503c\uff1aTrue<\/code> \u548c False<\/code>\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
x = True\ny = False\n\nprint(x, y)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aTrue False<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. \u7a7a\u503c\u7c7b\u578b (None)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
None<\/code> \u662fPython\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u503c\u6216\u65e0\u6548\u503c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de None<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a = None\nprint(a)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aNone<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. \u53ef\u53d8\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Python\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u4e3a\u53ef\u53d8\uff08mutable\uff09\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\uff08immutable\uff09\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u53ef\u53d8\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u5217\u8868\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u548c\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u6574\u6570\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u503c\u4e00\u65e6\u521b\u5efa\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    10. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u5f00\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u53d8<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    int<\/code><\/td>\u6574\u6570<\/td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr>
    float<\/code><\/td>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570<\/td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr>
    complex<\/code><\/td>\u590d\u6570<\/td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr>
    str<\/code><\/td>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr>
    list<\/code><\/td>\u5217\u8868<\/td>\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr>
    tuple<\/code><\/td>\u5143\u7ec4<\/td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr>
    set<\/code><\/td>\u96c6\u5408<\/td>\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr>
    dict<\/code><\/td>\u5b57\u5178<\/td>\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr>
    bool<\/code><\/td>\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr>
    None<\/code><\/td>\u7a7a\u503c\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u662f\u7f16\u5199\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Python\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-866","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/866","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=866"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/866\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":867,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/866\/revisions\/867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=866"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=866"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=866"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}