{"id":878,"date":"2025-01-11T15:47:57","date_gmt":"2025-01-11T07:47:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=878"},"modified":"2025-01-11T15:47:57","modified_gmt":"2025-01-11T07:47:57","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8flask%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8cweb%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%88%b0%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/11\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8flask%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8cweb%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%88%b0%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u8fdb\u884cWeb\u5f00\u53d1\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u90e8\u7f72"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

Flask \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684 Python Web \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u5230\u590d\u6742\u7684 Web \u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u90e8\u7f72\u4e3a\u60a8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Flask \u8fdb\u884c Web \u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1. \u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5b89\u88c5 Python \u548c Flask<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 Python\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u7248\u672c 3.6 \u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 pip<\/code> \u5b89\u88c5 Flask\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

pip install Flask<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u60a8\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u60a8\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mkdir flask_app\ncd flask_app<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. \u521b\u5efa Flask \u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u521b\u5efa\u57fa\u672c\u7684 Flask \u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5185\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 Python \u6587\u4ef6 app.py<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u5305\u542b Web \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
from flask import Flask\n\napp = Flask(__name__)\n\n@app.route('\/')\ndef hello_world():\n    return 'Hello, World!'\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    app.run(debug=True)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Flask(__name__)<\/code>: \u521b\u5efa Flask \u5e94\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • @app.route('\/')<\/code>: \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839\u8def\u5f84 \/<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c hello_world<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de 'Hello, World!'<\/code> \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • app.run(debug=True)<\/code>: \u542f\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0cdebug=True<\/code> \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u7528\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8 Flask \u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    python app.py<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000\/<\/code>\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u663e\u793a Hello, World!<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u8def\u7531\u4e0e\u89c6\u56fe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u5b9a\u4e49\u66f4\u591a\u8def\u7531<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    Flask \u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531\u6765\u5904\u7406 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 URL \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    @app.route('\/about')\ndef about():\n    return 'About Page'\n\n@app.route('\/greet\/<name>')\ndef greet(name):\n    return f'Hello, {name}!'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \/about<\/code> \u663e\u793a\u5173\u4e8e\u9875\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \/greet\/<name><\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\uff0c<name><\/code> \u662f\u8def\u7531\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u4f1a\u4f20\u9012\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000\/greet\/John<\/code> \u5c06\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de Hello, John!<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      Flask \u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982 GET<\/code>\u3001POST<\/code>\u3001PUT<\/code>\u3001DELETE<\/code> \u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u6307\u5b9a\u63a5\u53d7\u54ea\u4e9b HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      @app.route('\/submit', methods=['POST'])\ndef submit():\n    return 'Form Submitted!'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      4. \u6a21\u677f\u4e0e\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f7f\u7528 Jinja2 \u6a21\u677f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      Flask \u4f7f\u7528 Jinja2 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210 HTML \u9875\u9762\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a templates<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a HTML \u6587\u4ef6 index.html<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      <!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n    <title>Flask App<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n    <h1>{{ title }}<\/h1>\n    <p>Welcome to my Flask app!<\/p>\n<\/body>\n<\/html><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728 app.py<\/code> \u4e2d\u6e32\u67d3\u6a21\u677f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      from flask import render_template\n\n@app.route('\/')\ndef home():\n    return render_template('index.html', title='Hello, Flask!')<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      Flask \u5141\u8bb8\u5c06 CSS\u3001JavaScript \u548c\u56fe\u7247\u7b49\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5728 static<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a static\/styles.css<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      <link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text\/css\" href=\"{{ url_for('static', filename='styles.css') }}\"><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      Flask \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      5. \u8868\u5355\u4e0e\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u5904\u7406\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      Flask \u901a\u8fc7 request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8868\u5355\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 POST<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 request.form<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      <form method=\"POST\">\n    <input type=\"text\" name=\"username\" placeholder=\"Enter your username\">\n    <button type=\"submit\">Submit<\/button>\n<\/form><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      from flask import request\n\n@app.route('\/submit', methods=['POST'])\ndef submit():\n    username = request.form['username']\n    return f'Hello, {username}!'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      6. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u6210<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f7f\u7528 SQLite \u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      Flask \u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7 SQLAlchemy ORM \u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 SQLAlchemy\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      pip install Flask-SQLAlchemy<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e Flask \u5e94\u7528\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy\n\napp.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:\/\/\/data.db'\ndb = SQLAlchemy(app)\n\nclass User(db.Model):\n    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)\n    username = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)\n\nwith app.app_context():\n    db.create_all()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      @app.route('\/add_user', methods=['POST'])\ndef add_user():\n    username = request.form['username']\n    new_user = User(username=username)\n    db.session.add(new_user)\n    db.session.commit()\n    return f'User {username} added to the database.'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      7. \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Flask \u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\u9875\u9762\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 @app.errorhandler<\/code> \u6765\u6355\u6349\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      @app.errorhandler(404)\ndef page_not_found(e):\n    return 'Page not found', 404<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      8. \u90e8\u7f72 Flask \u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Flask \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u3002\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f Gunicorn<\/strong> \u6216 uWSGI<\/strong> \u4e0e Nginx<\/strong> \u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f7f\u7528 Gunicorn \u90e8\u7f72<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. \u5b89\u88c5 Gunicorn\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
        pip install gunicorn<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. \u4f7f\u7528 Gunicorn \u8fd0\u884c Flask \u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
          gunicorn app:app<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5c06 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9 Flask \u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e Nginx \u4ee5\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee3\u7406\u5230 Gunicorn\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          server {\n    listen 80;\n    server_name yourdomain.com;\n\n    location \/ {\n        proxy_pass http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000;\n        proxy_set_header Host $host;\n        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          9. \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u201cHello, World!\u201d\u5230\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u8868\u5355\u5904\u7406\uff0cFlask \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u677f\u3001\u8def\u7531\u3001\u8868\u5355\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6784\u5efa\u529f\u80fd\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684 Web \u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Gunicorn \u548c Nginx \u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          Flask \u4ee5\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u6210\u4e3a Web \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u9996\u9009\u6846\u67b6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u539f\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u7684 Web \u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          Flask \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684 Python Web \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u5230\u590d\u6742\u7684 Web \u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/878","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=878"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/878\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":879,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/878\/revisions\/879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=878"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=878"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=878"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}