{"id":955,"date":"2025-01-15T00:32:53","date_gmt":"2025-01-14T16:32:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=955"},"modified":"2025-01-15T00:32:53","modified_gmt":"2025-01-14T16:32:53","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-postgresql-%e4%b8%ad%e4%bb%a5-json-%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1%e6%95%b0%e7%bb%84%e7%9a%84%e5%bd%a2%e5%bc%8f%e8%bf%94%e5%9b%9e%e5%a4%9a%e5%88%97%ef%bc%9a%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e6%95%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/15\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-postgresql-%e4%b8%ad%e4%bb%a5-json-%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1%e6%95%b0%e7%bb%84%e7%9a%84%e5%bd%a2%e5%bc%8f%e8%bf%94%e5%9b%9e%e5%a4%9a%e5%88%97%ef%bc%9a%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e6%95%99\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\u4ee5 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u5217\uff1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u6559\u7a0b\u4e0e\u793a\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u6210 JSON \u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u7528\u4e8e API \u6570\u636e\u8f93\u51fa\u3001\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0cPostgreSQL \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 JSON \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1. PostgreSQL \u7684 JSON \u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

PostgreSQL \u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd JSON \u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • JSON<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6807\u51c6\u7684 JSON \u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • JSONB<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u7684 JSON \u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c JSON \u6570\u636e\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f json_build_object<\/code> \u548c jsonb_build_object<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u6210 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2. \u5982\u4f55\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\u4ee5 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u5217<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a employees<\/code> \u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5982\u4e0b\u5217\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • id<\/code>\uff1a\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • name<\/code>\uff1a\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • position<\/code>\uff1a\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • salary<\/code>\uff1a\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u85aa\u8d44\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u8fd9\u51e0\u5217\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f5c\u4e3a JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u793a\u4f8b 1\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 jsonb_agg<\/code> \u548c jsonb_build_object<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      SELECT jsonb_agg(\n           jsonb_build_object(\n               'id', id,\n               'name', name,\n               'position', position,\n               'salary', salary\n           )\n       ) AS employee_json\nFROM employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • jsonb_build_object('id', id, 'name', name, 'position', position, 'salary', salary)<\/code>\uff1a\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5bf9\u5e94\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • jsonb_agg()<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u805a\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a JSON \u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \u5047\u8bbe employees<\/code> \u8868\u4e2d\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        id<\/th>name<\/th>position<\/th>salary<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
        1<\/td>John<\/td>Developer<\/td>50000<\/td><\/tr>
        2<\/td>Alice<\/td>Designer<\/td>60000<\/td><\/tr>
        3<\/td>Bob<\/td>Manager<\/td>70000<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \u4e0a\u8ff0\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5458\u5de5\u4fe1\u606f\u7684 JSON \u6570\u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        [\n  {\"id\": 1, \"name\": \"John\", \"position\": \"Developer\", \"salary\": 50000},\n  {\"id\": 2, \"name\": \"Alice\", \"position\": \"Designer\", \"salary\": 60000},\n  {\"id\": 3, \"name\": \"Bob\", \"position\": \"Manager\", \"salary\": 70000}\n]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b 2\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5e26\u6709\u5d4c\u5957 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 JSON \u6570\u7ec4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u5e26\u6709\u5d4c\u5957 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 JSON \u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06 position<\/code> \u548c salary<\/code> \u4fe1\u606f\u5d4c\u5957\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c id<\/code> \u548c name<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7236\u7ea7\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        SELECT jsonb_agg(\n           jsonb_build_object(\n               'id', id,\n               'name', name,\n               'details', jsonb_build_object(\n                   'position', position,\n                   'salary', salary\n               )\n           )\n       ) AS employee_json\nFROM employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u8fd9\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\u7684 JSON \u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        [\n  {\"id\": 1, \"name\": \"John\", \"details\": {\"position\": \"Developer\", \"salary\": 50000}},\n  {\"id\": 2, \"name\": \"Alice\", \"details\": {\"position\": \"Designer\", \"salary\": 60000}},\n  {\"id\": 3, \"name\": \"Bob\", \"details\": {\"position\": \"Manager\", \"salary\": 70000}}\n]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        3. \u4f7f\u7528 row_to_json<\/code> \u63d0\u53d6\u591a\u5217\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \u9664\u4e86 jsonb_build_object<\/code>\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 row_to_json()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u8868\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5217\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u5c06\u5217\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3a JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u67e5\u8be2\u5c06 employees<\/code> \u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        SELECT jsonb_agg(row_to_json(employees)) AS employee_json\nFROM employees;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u5047\u8bbe employees<\/code> \u8868\u7684\u5217\u6709 id<\/code>\u3001name<\/code>\u3001position<\/code> \u548c salary<\/code>\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u67e5\u8be2\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\u7684 JSON \u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        [\n  {\"id\": 1, \"name\": \"John\", \"position\": \"Developer\", \"salary\": 50000},\n  {\"id\": 2, \"name\": \"Alice\", \"position\": \"Designer\", \"salary\": 60000},\n  {\"id\": 3, \"name\": \"Bob\", \"position\": \"Manager\", \"salary\": 70000}\n]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u7b80\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u952e\uff08\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u7684\u5217\u540d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        4. \u8fd4\u56de\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7b5b\u9009\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u53ea\u60f3\u67e5\u8be2\u804c\u4f4d\u4e3a “Developer” \u7684\u5458\u5de5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4f5c\u4e3a JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        SELECT jsonb_agg(\n           jsonb_build_object(\n               'id', id,\n               'name', name,\n               'position', position,\n               'salary', salary\n           )\n       ) AS developer_json\nFROM employees\nWHERE position = 'Developer';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u8fd4\u56de\u7684 JSON \u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        [\n  {\"id\": 1, \"name\": \"John\", \"position\": \"Developer\", \"salary\": 50000}\n]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        5. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff1aJSONB \u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 jsonb<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u975e json<\/code>\u3002jsonb<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u652f\u6301\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a jsonb<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5217\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u521b\u5efa JSONB \u7d22\u5f15\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        CREATE INDEX idx_employee_jsonb ON employees USING gin (employee_json);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u548c API \u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5982 jsonb_agg()<\/code>\u3001jsonb_build_object()<\/code>\u3001row_to_json()<\/code> \u7b49\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\u7684\u503c\u805a\u5408\u4e3a JSON \u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u5d4c\u5957\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u7075\u6d3b\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        \u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a JSON \u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mysql"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/955","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=955"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/955\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":956,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/955\/revisions\/956"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}