{"id":959,"date":"2025-01-15T00:35:25","date_gmt":"2025-01-14T16:35:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/?p=959"},"modified":"2025-01-15T00:35:25","modified_gmt":"2025-01-14T16:35:25","slug":"postgresql-%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-in-%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af-any%ef%bc%9f%e4%b8%a4%e8%80%85%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%ae%e5%bc%82%e4%b8%8e%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.laixuexila.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/15\/postgresql-%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-in-%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af-any%ef%bc%9f%e4%b8%a4%e8%80%85%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%ae%e5%bc%82%e4%b8%8e%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0IN\u00a0\u8fd8\u662f\u00a0ANY\uff1f\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\uff0cIN<\/code> \u548c ANY<\/code> \u90fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5728 WHERE<\/code> \u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u503c\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

1. IN<\/code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

IN<\/code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u503c\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u662f SQL \u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728 PostgreSQL \u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
column_name IN (value1, value2, value3, ...)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u7ec4\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u7ec4\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u503c\uff08\u5982\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a employees<\/code> \u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u6bb5 id<\/code> \u548c position<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u67e5\u8be2\u804c\u4f4d\u4e3a “Developer”\u3001”Designer” \u6216 “Manager” \u7684\u5458\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    SELECT * FROM employees\nWHERE position IN ('Developer', 'Designer', 'Manager');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u67e5\u8be2\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709 position<\/code> \u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    2. ANY<\/code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    ANY<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u901a\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u591a\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff08\u5982\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 =<\/code>, ><\/code>, <<\/code>, >=<\/code>, <=<\/code>, <><\/code> \u7b49\uff09\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5217\u503c\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002ANY<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    column_name = ANY (array or subquery)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e =<\/code>\u3001<<\/code>\u3001><\/code> \u7b49\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • ANY<\/code> \u4f1a\u5c06\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u67d0\u4e2a\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u6837\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b 1\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 ANY<\/code> \u548c\u6570\u7ec4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a products<\/code> \u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u6bb5 product_id<\/code> \u548c price<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u67e5\u8be2\u4ef7\u683c\u5927\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        SELECT * FROM products\nWHERE price > ANY (ARRAY[100, 200, 300]);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u8be5\u67e5\u8be2\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709 price<\/code> \u5927\u4e8e 100\u3001200 \u6216 300 \u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b 2\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 ANY<\/code> \u548c\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0e\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        SELECT * FROM orders\nWHERE customer_id = ANY (SELECT customer_id FROM customers WHERE region = 'North America');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u8be5\u67e5\u8be2\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5317\u7f8e\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        3. IN<\/code> \u548c ANY<\/code> \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \u867d\u7136 IN<\/code> \u548c ANY<\/code> \u90fd\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        a. \u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • IN<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u4e00\u7ec4\u5e38\u91cf\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • ANY<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\u5982 =<\/code>, ><\/code>, <<\/code>, <=<\/code> \u7b49\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e0e\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          b. \u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • IN<\/code> \u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b8c\u5168\u5339\u914d\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u7b49\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e00\u7ec4\u503c\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • ANY<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5404\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5927\u4e8e\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9002\u7528\u7684\u573a\u666f\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            c. \u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u652f\u6301<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • IN<\/code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u5217\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • ANY<\/code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u6bd4\u591a\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \u793a\u4f8b\uff1aANY<\/code> \u548c IN<\/code> \u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
              \u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709 products<\/code> \u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u6bb5 product_id<\/code> \u548c price<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u67e5\u627e\u4ef7\u683c\u9ad8\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 IN<\/code> \u548c ANY<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              -- \u4f7f\u7528 IN\nSELECT * FROM products\nWHERE price IN (100, 200, 300);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              IN<\/code> \u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5 price<\/code> \u662f\u5426\u7b49\u4e8e 100<\/code>\u3001200<\/code> \u6216 300<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              -- \u4f7f\u7528 ANY\nSELECT * FROM products\nWHERE price > ANY (ARRAY[100, 200, 300]);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              ANY<\/code> \u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5 price<\/code> \u662f\u5426\u5927\u4e8e 100<\/code>\u3001200<\/code> \u6216 300<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              4. \u6027\u80fd\u8003\u8651\uff1aIN<\/code> vs ANY<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cIN<\/code> \u548c ANY<\/code> \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a PostgreSQL \u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u4f1a\u4f18\u5316\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0cANY<\/code> \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7565\u5fae\u4f18\u4e8e IN<\/code>\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u4e0e\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • IN<\/code> \u548c\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53 IN<\/code> \u4e0e\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u503c\u4f1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u96c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • ANY<\/code> \u548c\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1aANY<\/code> \u4e0e\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                5. \u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528 IN<\/code>\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528 ANY<\/code>\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • \u4f7f\u7528 IN<\/code>\uff1a<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u5217\u662f\u5426\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e00\u7ec4\u56fa\u5b9a\u503c\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u53ea\u6d89\u53ca\u201c\u7b49\u4e8e\u201d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u7684\u3001\u5df2\u77e5\u503c\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u4f7f\u7528 ANY<\/code>\uff1a<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\u5982 ><\/code>, <<\/code>, !=<\/code>, \u7b49\uff09\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u67d0\u4e9b\u52a8\u6001\u503c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u6570\u7ec4\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u4e0e\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u5927\u4e8e\u3001\u7b49\u4e8e\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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